The body, sentence 7
j'ai mal à + body part means it hurts: à + le becomes au (j'ai mal au ventre), à + la stays à la (j'ai mal à la tête), à + les becomes aux (j'ai mal aux dents).
Who acts: part, le, j'ai · What happens: mal, mean, hurt, become, ventre, à · To what, where: à, au, la stays, la, les, aux · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The body» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (part, le, j'ai), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | j'ai | j'ai | X | Foreign=Yes | 2 mal | dep |
| 2 | mal | mal | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 means | nsubj |
| 3 | à | à | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 mal | obj |
| 4 | + | + | SYM | _ | 3 à | compound |
| 5 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 part | compound |
| 6 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 means | nsubj |
| 7 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 hurts | nsubj |
| 9 | hurts | hurt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 means | ccomp |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 à | punct |
| 11 | à | à | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 hurts | conj |
| 12 | + | + | SYM | _ | 14 becomes | cc |
| 13 | le | le | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 becomes | nsubj |
| 14 | becomes | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 à | acl:relcl |
| 15 | au | au | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 becomes | xcomp |
| 16 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 17 j'ai | punct |
| 17 | j'ai | j'ai | NOUN | Abbr=Yes Number=Plur | 20 ventre | nsubj |
| 18 | mal | mal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 ventre | amod |
| 19 | au | au | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 ventre | compound |
| 20 | ventre | ventre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 au | appos |
| 21 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 20 ventre | punct |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 à | punct |
| 23 | à | à | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 mal | conj |
| 24 | + | + | SYM | _ | 23 à | obj |
| 25 | la | la | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 stays | amod |
| 26 | stays | stay | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 à | obj |
| 27 | à | à | ADP | _ | 28 la | case |
| 28 | la | la | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 stays | nmod |
| 29 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 31 mal | punct |
| 30 | j'ai | j'ai | X | Foreign=Yes | 31 mal | dep |
| 31 | mal | mal | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 à | conj |
| 32 | à | à | SCONJ | _ | 33 la | mark |
| 33 | la | la | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind Typo=Yes | 31 mal | obj |
| 34 | tête | tête | X | _ | 33 la | goeswith |
| 35 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 31 mal | punct |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 à | punct |
| 37 | à | à | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 mal | conj |
| 38 | + | + | SYM | _ | 39 les | cc |
| 39 | les | le | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 à | obj |
| 40 | becomes | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 means | parataxis |
| 41 | aux | aux | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 becomes | xcomp |
| 42 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 44 mal | punct |
| 43 | j'ai | j'ai | X | Foreign=Yes | 44 mal | dep |
| 44 | mal | mal | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 41 aux | appos |
| 45 | aux | aux | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 dents | compound |
| 46 | dents | dent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 mal | obj |
| 47 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 44 mal | punct |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 40 becomes | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mal | infinitive | à | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | mean | present | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 3 | hurt | present | part | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 4 | become | present | le | au | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Patient à=Result | ||||
| 5 | ventre | j'ai | tree rules | ||||||
| 6 | à | infinitive | la stays | à la | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | mal | infinitive | la | tree rules | |||||
| 8 | à | infinitive | les | tree rules | |||||
| 9 | become | present | aux | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 10 | mal | infinitive | aux dents | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:french:016-the-body.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/16-the-body/7/