Clothes, sentence 2
Word endings give hints about gender: words ending in -eau, like un chapeau (a hat) and un manteau (a coat), are almost always masculine, and words ending in -ette, like une casquette (a cap), almost always feminine.
Who acts: Word endings, words · What happens: give, end, be · To what, where: hints, eau, ette
This is a sentence of the lesson «Clothes» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Word endings, words), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Word | word | NOUN | _ | 2 endings | compound |
| 2 | endings | ending | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 give | nsubj |
| 3 | give | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | hints | hint | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 give | obj |
| 5 | about | about | ADP | _ | 6 gender | case |
| 6 | gender | gender | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 hints | nmod |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 ending | punct |
| 8 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 masculine | nsubj |
| 9 | ending | end | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 words | acl |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 eau | case |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 in | punct |
| 12 | eau | eau | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 ending | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 chapeau | punct |
| 14 | like | like | ADP | _ | 16 chapeau | case |
| 15 | un | un | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 chapeau | compound |
| 16 | chapeau | chapeau | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 words | appos |
| 17 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 19 hat | punct |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 hat | det |
| 19 | hat | hat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 chapeau | conj |
| 20 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 19 hat | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 manteau | cc |
| 22 | un | un | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 manteau | compound |
| 23 | manteau | manteau | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 hat | conj |
| 24 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 26 coat | punct |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 coat | det |
| 26 | coat | coat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 hat | appos |
| 27 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 26 coat | punct |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 chapeau | punct |
| 29 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 masculine | cop |
| 30 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 31 always | advmod |
| 31 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 32 masculine | advmod |
| 32 | masculine | masculine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 give | parataxis |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 ending | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 ending | cc |
| 35 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 51 feminine | nsubj |
| 36 | ending | end | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 35 words | acl |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 39 ette | case |
| 38 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 37 in | punct |
| 39 | ette | ette | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 ending | obl |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 casquette | punct |
| 41 | like | like | ADP | _ | 43 casquette | case |
| 42 | une | une | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 casquette | compound |
| 43 | casquette | casquette | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 masculine | conj |
| 44 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 46 cap | punct |
| 45 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 46 cap | det |
| 46 | cap | cap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 casquette | appos |
| 47 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 46 cap | punct |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 feminine | punct |
| 49 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 50 always | advmod |
| 50 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 51 feminine | advmod |
| 51 | feminine | feminine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 masculine | conj |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 give | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present | Word endings | hints | about gender | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hint=Theme | |||
| 2 | end | gerund | words not said here | eau | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | is | present | words | always, masculine property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | end | gerund | words not said here | ette | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 5 | be | words | always property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:french:017-clothes.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/17-clothes/2/