Funny French sounds: nasal vowels, the French r and u, sentence 1

Nasal vowels send the air up through your nose: hold your nose lightly, say bon, and if you feel a buzz, you have it; the n itself is not really said.

Who acts: Nasal vowels, you · What happens: send up, hold, say, feel, have, not say · To what, where: air, nose, bon, buzz, n · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Funny French sounds: nasal vowels, the French r and u» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nasal vowels, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nasal	nasal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 vowels	amod
2	vowels	vowel	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 send	nsubj
3	send	send	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 air	det
5	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 send	obj
6	up	up	ADP	_	3 send	compound:prt
7	through	through	ADP	_	9 nose	case
8	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 nose	nmod:poss
9	nose	nose	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 send	obl
10	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 hold	punct
11	hold	hold	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 send	parataxis
12	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 nose	nmod:poss
13	nose	nose	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 hold	obj
14	lightly	lightly	ADV	_	11 hold	advmod
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 say	punct
16	say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	11 hold	conj
17	bon	bon	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 say	obj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 have	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 have	cc
20	if	if	SCONJ	_	22 feel	mark
21	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	22 feel	nsubj
22	feel	feel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 have	advcl
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 buzz	det
24	buzz	buzz	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 feel	obj
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 feel	punct
26	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	27 have	nsubj
27	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 say	conj
28	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 have	obj
29	;	;	PUNCT	_	36 said	punct
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 n	det
31	n	n	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 said	nsubj:pass
32	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	31 n	nmod
33	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	36 said	aux:pass
34	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	36 said	advmod
35	really	really	ADV	_	36 said	advmod
36	said	say	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 send	parataxis
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 send	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=assert

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	send up	present	Nasal vowels	the air	your nose		vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme
2	hold	infinitive		your nose		lightly property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nose=Theme
3	say speech: assert	infinitive		bon			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent bon=Topic
4	feel a condition, not said to happen	present	you	a buzz			vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent buzz=Theme
5	have	present	you	buzz			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
6	not say speech: assert	present · passive		the n n			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:french:002-funny-french-sounds-nasal-vowels-the-french-r-and-u.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/2-funny-french-sounds-nasal-vowels-the-french-r-and-u/1/