Funny French sounds: nasal vowels, the French r and u, sentence 13
ch in French says "sh": le chat (cat) is "luh SHA", le chocolat is "luh sho-ko-LA" and le chien (dog) is "luh SHYAN".
Who acts: ch · What happens: say, be · To what, where: sh, SHA, LA SHYAN · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Funny French sounds: nasal vowels, the French r and u» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ch), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ch | ch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 says | nsubj |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 3 French | case |
| 3 | French | French | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 ch | nmod |
| 4 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 sh | punct |
| 6 | sh | sh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 says | obj |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 sh | punct |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 chat | punct |
| 9 | le | le | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 chat | det |
| 10 | chat | chat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 says | ccomp |
| 11 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 12 cat | punct |
| 12 | cat | cat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 chat | appos |
| 13 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 12 cat | punct |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 SHA | cop |
| 15 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 SHA | punct |
| 16 | luh | luh | INTJ | _ | 17 SHA | discourse |
| 17 | SHA | SHA | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 chat | nmod |
| 18 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 SHA | punct |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 chocolat | punct |
| 20 | le | le | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 chocolat | det |
| 21 | chocolat | chocolat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 SHYAN | nmod:desc |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 SHYAN | cop |
| 23 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 40 SHYAN | punct |
| 24 | luh | luh | INTJ | _ | 40 SHYAN | discourse |
| 25 | sho | sho | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 LA | compound |
| 26 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 sho | punct |
| 27 | ko | ko | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 LA | compound |
| 28 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 29 LA | punct |
| 29 | LA | la | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 SHYAN | compound |
| 30 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 29 LA | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 chien | cc |
| 32 | le | le | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 chien | det |
| 33 | chien | chien | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 chocolat | conj |
| 34 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 35 dog | punct |
| 35 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 chien | appos |
| 36 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 35 dog | punct |
| 37 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 SHYAN | cop |
| 38 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 40 SHYAN | punct |
| 39 | luh | luh | INTJ | _ | 40 SHYAN | discourse |
| 40 | SHYAN | SHYAN | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 chat | nmod |
| 41 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 40 SHYAN | punct |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 says | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | ch in French | sh | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent sh=Topic | ||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | SHA | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | is a in a quote | present | LA SHYAN | le chocolat and le chien nmod:desc | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:french:002-funny-french-sounds-nasal-vowels-the-french-r-and-u.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/2-funny-french-sounds-nasal-vowels-the-french-r-and-u/13/