Funny French sounds: nasal vowels, the French r and u, sentence 8
ain, in and ein make another nasal sound, a bit like "an" in "cat" sent up the nose: le pain (bread), le vin (wine), le lapin (rabbit), la main (hand).
Who acts: ain, cat · What happens: make, send up · To what, where: nasal sound, nose
This is a sentence of the lesson «Funny French sounds: nasal vowels, the French r and u» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ain, cat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ain | ain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 make | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 ein | punct |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 ein | case |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 ein | cc |
| 5 | ein | ein | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 ain | appos |
| 6 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 7 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 9 sound | det |
| 8 | nasal | nasal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 sound | amod |
| 9 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 make | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 bit | punct |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 bit | det |
| 12 | bit | bit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 sound | appos |
| 13 | like | like | ADP | _ | 19 cat | case |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 cat | punct |
| 15 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 cat | det |
| 16 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 cat | punct |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 cat | case |
| 18 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 cat | punct |
| 19 | cat | cat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 bit | nmod |
| 20 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 cat | punct |
| 21 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 cat | acl |
| 22 | up | up | ADP | _ | 21 sent | compound:prt |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 nose | det |
| 24 | nose | nose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 sent | obj |
| 25 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 27 pain | punct |
| 26 | le | le | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 pain | compound |
| 27 | pain | pain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 bit | appos |
| 28 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 29 bread | punct |
| 29 | bread | bread | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 pain | appos |
| 30 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 29 bread | punct |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 le | punct |
| 32 | le | le | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 pain | conj |
| 33 | vin | vin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 pain | conj |
| 34 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 35 wine | punct |
| 35 | wine | wine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 vin | appos |
| 36 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 35 wine | punct |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 lapin | punct |
| 38 | le | le | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 lapin | compound |
| 39 | lapin | lapin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 pain | conj |
| 40 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 41 rabbit | punct |
| 41 | rabbit | rabbit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 lapin | appos |
| 42 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 41 rabbit | punct |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 main | punct |
| 44 | la | la | X | _ | 45 main | det |
| 45 | main | main | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 pain | conj |
| 46 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 47 hand | punct |
| 47 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 main | appos |
| 48 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 47 hand | punct |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 make | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | infinitive | ain | another nasal sound | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product | ||||
| 2 | send up | participle | a cat not said here | the nose | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nose=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:french:002-funny-french-sounds-nasal-vowels-the-french-r-and-u.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/2-funny-french-sounds-nasal-vowels-the-french-r-and-u/8/