Questions and simple sentences, sentence 2
Then there are the question words: qui (who), quoi (what), où (where), quand (when), comment (how), pourquoi (why) and combien (how many) - with pourquoi always answered by parce que (because).
Who acts: question words, parce que · What happens: be, answer · To what, where: pourquoi
This is a sentence of the lesson «Questions and simple sentences» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (question words, parce que), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 are | advmod |
| 2 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 3 are | expl |
| 3 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 words | det |
| 5 | question | question | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 words | compound |
| 6 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 are | nsubj |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 8 qui | punct |
| 8 | qui | qui | NOUN | Abbr=Yes Number=Plur | 6 words | appos |
| 9 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 10 who | punct |
| 10 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 words | appos |
| 11 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 10 who | punct |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 quoi | punct |
| 13 | quoi | quoi | NOUN | Abbr=Yes Number=Plur | 8 qui | conj |
| 14 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 15 what | punct |
| 15 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 6 words | appos |
| 16 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 15 what | punct |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 où | punct |
| 18 | où | où | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 words | appos |
| 19 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 20 where | punct |
| 20 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 18 où | advmod |
| 21 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 20 where | punct |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 quand | punct |
| 23 | quand | quand | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 où | conj |
| 24 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 25 when | punct |
| 25 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 23 quand | advmod |
| 26 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 25 when | punct |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 comment | punct |
| 28 | comment | comment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 où | appos |
| 29 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 30 how | punct |
| 30 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 28 comment | acl |
| 31 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 30 how | punct |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 pourquoi | punct |
| 33 | pourquoi | pourquoi | NOUN | Abbr=Yes Number=Plur | 6 words | conj |
| 34 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 35 why | punct |
| 35 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 words | appos |
| 36 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 35 why | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 combien | cc |
| 38 | combien | combien | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 why | conj |
| 39 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 41 many | punct |
| 40 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 41 many | advmod |
| 41 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 words | appos |
| 42 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 41 many | punct |
| 43 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 47 answered | punct |
| 44 | with | with | SCONJ | _ | 47 answered | mark |
| 45 | pourquoi | pourquoi | X | Foreign=Yes | 47 answered | nsubj:pass |
| 46 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 47 answered | advmod |
| 47 | answered | answer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 words | advcl |
| 48 | by | by | ADP | _ | 50 que | case |
| 49 | parce | parce | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 que | compound |
| 50 | que | que | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 answered | obl |
| 51 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 52 because | punct |
| 52 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 47 answered | obl |
| 53 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 52 because | punct |
| 54 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 are | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | does | present | the question words and pourquoi | there | then | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | answer speech: assert | participle · passive | parce que | pourquoi | always property | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent subject=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:french:030-questions-and-simple-sentences.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/30-questions-and-simple-sentences/2/