English words that came from French, sentence 0
You already know thousands of French words without knowing it: menu, restaurant, café, ballet, garage and souvenir all came into English from French.
Who acts: You, garage · What happens: know, come · To what, where: thousands, it, English
This is a sentence of the lesson «English words that came from French» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, garage), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 3 know | nsubj |
| 2 | already | already | ADV | _ | 3 know | advmod |
| 3 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | thousands | thousand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 know | obj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 words | case |
| 6 | French | French | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 words | amod |
| 7 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 thousands | nmod |
| 8 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 9 knowing | mark |
| 9 | knowing | know | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 know | advcl |
| 10 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 knowing | obj |
| 11 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 menu | punct |
| 12 | menu | menu | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 know | ccomp |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 restaurant | punct |
| 14 | restaurant | restaurant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 menu | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 café | punct |
| 16 | café | café | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 menu | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 ballet | punct |
| 18 | ballet | ballet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 menu | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 garage | punct |
| 20 | garage | garage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 menu | conj |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 souvenir | cc |
| 22 | souvenir | souvenir | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 menu | conj |
| 23 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 24 came | advmod |
| 24 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 garage | acl:relcl |
| 25 | into | into | ADP | _ | 26 English | case |
| 26 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 came | obl |
| 27 | from | from | ADP | _ | 28 French | case |
| 28 | French | French | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 came | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 know | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | present | You | thousands of French words | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer thousand=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | know | gerund | You not said here | it | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | come | past | garage not said here | English | from French | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme into english=Initial_Location from french=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:french:036-english-words-that-came-from-french.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/36-english-words-that-came-from-french/0/