English words that came from French, sentence 7

Beef comes from bœuf, pork from porc, mutton from mouton and veal (calf meat) from veau: the farmers kept English names for the animals, and the rich French speakers named the meat.

Who acts: Beef, farmers, rich French speakers · What happens: come, keep, name · To what, where: bœuf, English names, meat

This is a sentence of the lesson «English words that came from French» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Beef, farmers, rich French speakers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Beef	beef	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 comes	nsubj
2	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 bœuf	case
4	bœuf	bœuf	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 comes	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 pork	punct
6	pork	pork	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bœuf	conj
7	from	from	ADP	_	8 porc	case
8	porc	porc	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 pork	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 mutton	punct
10	mutton	mutton	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bœuf	conj
11	from	from	ADP	_	12 mouton	case
12	mouton	mouton	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 mutton	nmod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 veal	cc
14	veal	veal	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 mouton	conj
15	(	(	PUNCT	_	17 meat	punct
16	calf	calf	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 meat	compound
17	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 veal	appos
18	)	)	PUNCT	_	17 meat	punct
19	from	from	ADP	_	20 veau	case
20	veau	veau	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 mutton	nmod
21	:	:	PUNCT	_	24 kept	punct
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 farmers	det
23	farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 kept	nsubj
24	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 comes	parataxis
25	English	English	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 names	amod
26	names	name	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 kept	obj
27	for	for	ADP	_	29 animals	case
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 animals	det
29	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 names	nmod
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 named	punct
31	and	and	CCONJ	_	36 named	cc
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 speakers	det
33	rich	rich	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 speakers	amod
34	French	French	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 speakers	amod
35	speakers	speaker	NOUN	Number=Plur	36 named	nsubj
36	named	name	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	24 kept	conj
37	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 meat	det
38	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 named	obj
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 comes	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	come	present	Beef		bœuf and pork from porc and mutton from mouton and veal from veau		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from bœuf=Initial_Location
2	keep	past	the farmers	English names		for the animals	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Theme
3	name	past	the rich French speakers	the meat			vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meat=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:french:036-english-words-that-came-from-french.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/36-english-words-that-came-from-french/7/