Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic, sentence 7
Rome fought Hannibal of Carthage, who crossed the Alps with elephants, and won.
Who acts: Rome, Hannibal · What happens: fight, cross, win · To what, where: Hannibal, Alps
This is a sentence of the lesson «Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rome, Hannibal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rome | Rome | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 fought | nsubj |
| 2 | fought | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | Hannibal | Hannibal | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 fought | obj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 Carthage | case |
| 5 | Carthage | Carthage | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Hannibal | nmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 crossed | punct |
| 7 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 crossed | nsubj |
| 8 | crossed | cross | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 Hannibal | acl:relcl |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Alps | det |
| 10 | Alps | alp | PROPN | Number=Plur | 8 crossed | obj |
| 11 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 elephants | case |
| 12 | elephants | elephant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 crossed | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 won | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 won | cc |
| 15 | won | win | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 fought | conj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 fought | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fight | past | Rome | Hannibal of Carthage | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hannibal=Co-Agent | ||||
| 2 | cross | past | Hannibal of Carthage | the Alps | with elephants | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alp=Patient | |||
| 3 | win | past | Rome not said here | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:013-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic/7/