Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic, sentence 9

Legend says Rome was founded in 753 BC by the twins Romulus and Remus, who were fed by a she-wolf, but archaeology shows Rome grew from small villages on hills by the river Tiber.

Who acts: Legend, twins, she wolf, archaeology, Rome · What happens: say, found, feed, show, grow · To what, where: Rome, 753 BC, twins · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Legend, twins, she wolf, archaeology), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Legend	legend	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Rome	Rome	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 founded	nsubj:pass
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 founded	aux:pass
5	founded	found	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 says	ccomp
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 BC	case
7	753	753	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	8 BC	nummod
8	BC	BC	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 founded	obl
9	by	by	ADP	_	11 twins	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 twins	det
11	twins	twin	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 founded	obl:agent
12	Romulus	Romulus	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 twins	appos
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 Remus	cc
14	Remus	Remus	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Romulus	conj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 fed	punct
16	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	18 fed	nsubj
17	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 fed	aux:pass
18	fed	feed	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 twins	acl:relcl
19	by	by	ADP	_	23 wolf	case
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 wolf	det
21	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 wolf	compound
22	-	-	PUNCT	_	21 she	punct
23	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 fed	obl
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 shows	punct
25	but	but	CCONJ	_	27 shows	cc
26	archaeology	archaeology	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 shows	nsubj
27	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 says	conj
28	Rome	Rome	PROPN	Number=Sing	29 grew	nsubj
29	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	27 shows	ccomp
30	from	from	ADP	_	32 villages	case
31	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 villages	amod
32	villages	village	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 grew	obl
33	on	on	ADP	_	34 hills	case
34	hills	hill	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 villages	nmod
35	by	by	ADP	_	38 Tiber	case
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 river	det
37	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 hills	nmod
38	Tiber	Tiber	PROPN	Number=Sing	37 river	appos
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Legend				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	found	past · passive	the twins	Rome	753 BC		vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
3	feed	past · passive	a she wolf	the twins			vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient
4	show	present	archaeology				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
5	grow	past	Rome			from small villages on hills the river	vn grow-26.2.1 «NP V NP.product PP.patient»: agent=Agent from village=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:013-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic.lesson:9.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic/9/