Rome: the empire, the legions and the roads, sentence 7
Some emperors, like Augustus, Trajan and Marcus Aurelius, ruled well; others, like Caligula and Nero, were cruel or foolish.
Who acts: emperors, others · What happens: rule, be
This is a sentence of the lesson «Rome: the empire, the legions and the roads» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (emperors, others), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 2 emperors | det |
| 2 | emperors | emperor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 ruled | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 Augustus | punct |
| 4 | like | like | ADP | _ | 5 Augustus | case |
| 5 | Augustus | Augustus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 emperors | nmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 Trajan | punct |
| 7 | Trajan | Trajan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Augustus | conj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 Marcus | cc |
| 9 | Marcus | Marcus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Augustus | conj |
| 10 | Aurelius | Aurelius | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Marcus | flat |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 ruled | punct |
| 12 | ruled | rule | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 cruel | parataxis |
| 13 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 12 ruled | advmod |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 others | punct |
| 15 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 cruel | nsubj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 Caligula | punct |
| 17 | like | like | ADP | _ | 18 Caligula | case |
| 18 | Caligula | Caligula | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 others | nmod |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 Nero | cc |
| 20 | Nero | Nero | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 Caligula | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 others | punct |
| 22 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 cruel | cop |
| 23 | cruel | cruel | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 24 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 25 foolish | cc |
| 25 | foolish | foolish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 cruel | conj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 ruled | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rule | past | some emperors like Augustus and Trajan and Marcus | well property | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is | past | others like Caligula and Nero | cruel property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | be | others like Caligula and Nero not said here | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:014-rome-the-empire-the-legions-and-the-roads.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/14-rome-the-empire-the-legions-and-the-roads/7/