Native peoples of North America, sentence 15
In the dry Southwest the Ancestral Puebloans built houses of stone and adobe in cliffs and canyons, like Mesa Verde, farmed by carefully collecting the little rain that fell, and Pueblo peoples still live there today.
Who acts: Ancestral Puebloans, little rain, Pueblo peoples · What happens: build, farm, collect, fall, live · To what, where: houses, dry Southwest, Mesa Verde, little rain
This is a sentence of the lesson «Native peoples of North America» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ancestral Puebloans, little rain, Pueblo peoples), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 Southwest | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Southwest | det |
| 3 | dry | dry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 Southwest | amod |
| 4 | Southwest | Southwest | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 built | obl |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Puebloans | det |
| 6 | Ancestral | Ancestral | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Puebloans | compound |
| 7 | Puebloans | puebloan | PROPN | Number=Plur | 8 built | nsubj |
| 8 | built | build | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | houses | house | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 built | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 stone | case |
| 11 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 houses | nmod |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 adobe | cc |
| 13 | adobe | adobe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 stone | conj |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 cliffs | case |
| 15 | cliffs | cliff | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 adobe | nmod |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 canyons | cc |
| 17 | canyons | canyon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 cliffs | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 Verde | punct |
| 19 | like | like | ADP | _ | 21 Verde | case |
| 20 | Mesa | mesa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 Verde | compound |
| 21 | Verde | verde | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 cliffs | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 farmed | punct |
| 23 | farmed | farm | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 Verde | acl |
| 24 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 26 collecting | mark |
| 25 | carefully | carefully | ADV | _ | 26 collecting | advmod |
| 26 | collecting | collect | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 23 farmed | advcl |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 rain | det |
| 28 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 rain | amod |
| 29 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 collecting | obj |
| 30 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 31 fell | nsubj |
| 31 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 rain | acl:relcl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 live | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 live | cc |
| 34 | Pueblo | Pueblo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 peoples | compound |
| 35 | peoples | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 live | nsubj |
| 36 | still | still | ADV | _ | 37 live | advmod |
| 37 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 built | conj |
| 38 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 37 live | advmod |
| 39 | today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 live | obl:unmarked |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 built | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | build | past | the Ancestral Puebloans | houses of stone and adobe in cliffs and canyons and Mesa Verde | the dry Southwest | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent house=Product | |||
| 2 | farm | participle | Mesa Verde not said here | vn rear-26.2.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | collect | gerund | the little rain | carefully property | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rain=Theme | ||||
| 4 | fall | past | the little rain | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | live | present | Pueblo peoples | there | still; today | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:017-native-peoples-of-north-america.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/17-native-peoples-of-north-america/15/