Native peoples of North America, sentence 4
Some hunted bison, some farmed corn, beans and squash, some built towns of stone in cliffs, and at Cahokia a city with huge earth mounds.
Who acts: Some · What happens: hunt, farm, build · To what, where: bison, corn, towns, cliffs
This is a sentence of the lesson «Native peoples of North America» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Some), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | PRON | PronType=Ind | 2 hunted | nsubj |
| 2 | hunted | hunt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | bison | bison | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 hunted | obj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 corn | punct |
| 5 | some | some | PRON | PronType=Ind | 6 farmed | nsubj |
| 6 | farmed | farm | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 hunted | conj |
| 7 | corn | corn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 farmed | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 beans | punct |
| 9 | beans | bean | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 corn | conj |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 squash | cc |
| 11 | squash | squash | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 beans | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 bison | punct |
| 13 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 14 built | nsubj |
| 14 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 hunted | conj |
| 15 | towns | town | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 built | obj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 stone | case |
| 17 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 towns | nmod |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 cliffs | case |
| 19 | cliffs | cliff | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 built | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 Cahokia | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 Cahokia | cc |
| 22 | at | at | ADP | _ | 23 Cahokia | case |
| 23 | Cahokia | Cahokia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 bison | conj |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 city | det |
| 25 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 bison | conj |
| 26 | with | with | ADP | _ | 29 mounds | case |
| 27 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 mounds | amod |
| 28 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 mounds | compound |
| 29 | mounds | mound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 city | nmod |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 bison | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hunt | past | Some | bison and Cahokia and a city with huge earth mounds | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bison=Theme | ||||
| 2 | farm | past | some | corn and beans and squash | vn rear-26.2.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent corn=Patient | ||||
| 3 | build | past | some | towns of stone | cliffs | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset town=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:017-native-peoples-of-north-america.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/17-native-peoples-of-north-america/4/