The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings, sentence 6
They settled in England, Ireland and Normandy, founded Dublin, reached Iceland, Greenland and even North America, and in the east they travelled the rivers to Constantinople and helped found Kyivan Rus.
Who acts: Vikings · What happens: settle, found, reach, travel, help, find · To what, where: England, Dublin, Iceland, rivers, Constantinople, east
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Middle Ages begin: the Vikings» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Vikings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 settled | nsubj |
| 2 | settled | settle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 England | case |
| 4 | England | England | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 settled | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 Ireland | punct |
| 6 | Ireland | Ireland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 England | conj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 Normandy | cc |
| 8 | Normandy | Normandy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 England | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 founded | punct |
| 10 | founded | found | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 settled | conj |
| 11 | Dublin | Dublin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 founded | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 reached | punct |
| 13 | reached | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 settled | conj |
| 14 | Iceland | Iceland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 reached | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 Greenland | punct |
| 16 | Greenland | Greenland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Iceland | conj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 America | cc |
| 18 | even | even | ADV | _ | 20 America | advmod |
| 19 | North | North | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 America | compound |
| 20 | America | America | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 England | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 travelled | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 travelled | cc |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 east | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 east | det |
| 25 | east | east | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 travelled | obl |
| 26 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 travelled | nsubj |
| 27 | travelled | travel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 settled | conj |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 rivers | det |
| 29 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 travelled | obj |
| 30 | to | to | ADP | _ | 31 Constantinople | case |
| 31 | Constantinople | Constantinople | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 travelled | obl |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 helped | cc |
| 33 | helped | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 travelled | conj |
| 34 | found | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 helped | xcomp |
| 35 | Kyivan | Kyivan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 found | obj |
| 36 | Rus | Rus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 Kyivan | flat |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 settled | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | settle | past | Vikings = viking | England and Ireland and Normandy and North America | vn odge-46-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in england=Location | ||||
| 2 | found | past | Vikings = viking not said here | Dublin | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dublin=Patient | ||||
| 3 | reach | past | Vikings = viking not said here | Iceland and Greenland | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent iceland=Theme | ||||
| 4 | travel | past | Vikings = viking | the rivers | Constantinople | the east | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme river=Trajectory | ||
| 5 | help | past | Vikings = viking not said here | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 6 | find | infinitive | Vikings = viking not said here | Kyivan | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kyivan=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:020-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/20-the-middle-ages-begin-the-vikings/6/