The Mongols, sentence 3

The conquests were terrible for the cities that resisted, and in 1240 the Mongols destroyed Kyiv, but once the fighting was over traders could cross Asia more safely than ever before.

Who acts: conquests, cities, Mongols, fighting, traders · What happens: be, resist, destroy, cross · To what, where: Kyiv, 1240, Asia

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Mongols» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (conquests, cities, Mongols, fighting), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 conquests	det
2	conquests	conquest	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 terrible	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 terrible	cop
4	terrible	terrible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 cities	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 cities	det
7	cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 terrible	obl
8	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 resisted	nsubj
9	resisted	resist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 cities	acl:relcl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 destroyed	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 destroyed	cc
12	in	in	ADP	_	13 1240	case
13	1240	1240	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	16 destroyed	obl
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 Mongols	det
15	Mongols	Mongol	PROPN	Number=Plur	16 destroyed	nsubj
16	destroyed	destroy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 terrible	conj
17	Kyiv	Kyiv	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 destroyed	obj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 cross	punct
19	but	but	CCONJ	_	27 cross	cc
20	once	once	SCONJ	_	24 over	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 fighting	det
22	fighting	fighting	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 over	nsubj
23	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	24 over	cop
24	over	over	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 cross	advcl
25	traders	trader	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 cross	nsubj
26	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	27 cross	aux
27	cross	cross	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 destroyed	conj
28	Asia	Asia	PROPN	Number=Sing	27 cross	obj
29	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	30 safely	advmod
30	safely	safely	ADV	_	27 cross	advmod
31	than	than	SCONJ	_	33 before	mark
32	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	33 before	advmod
33	before	before	ADV	_	30 safely	advcl
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 terrible	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: neg
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	past	the conquests			for the cities; terrible property	tree rules
2	resist	past	the cities				tree rules
3	destroy	past	the Mongols	Kyiv	1240		vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kyiv=Patient
4	is	past	the fighting			over property	tree rules
5	cross	could	traders	Asia		safely property	vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent asia=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:023-the-mongols.lesson:3.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/23-the-mongols/3/