The Black Death and the end of the Middle Ages, sentence 11
Medieval remedies such as herbs, bleeding and sweet flowers mostly did not work, but some towns kept travellers apart for forty days, which is where the word quarantine comes from, from the Italian word for forty.
Who acts: sweet flowers, towns, forty days, word quarantine · What happens: not work, keep, be, come from · To what, where: travellers, Italian word
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Black Death and the end of the Middle Ages» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sweet flowers, towns, forty days, word quarantine), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Medieval | medieval | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 remedies | amod |
| 2 | remedies | remedy | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 5 herbs | case |
| 4 | as | as | ADP | _ | 3 such | fixed |
| 5 | herbs | herb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 remedies | nmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 bleeding | punct |
| 7 | bleeding | bleeding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 herbs | conj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 work | cc |
| 9 | sweet | sweet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 flowers | amod |
| 10 | flowers | flower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 work | nsubj |
| 11 | mostly | mostly | ADV | _ | 14 work | advmod |
| 12 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 work | aux |
| 13 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 14 work | advmod |
| 14 | work | work | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 bleeding | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 kept | punct |
| 16 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 kept | cc |
| 17 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 18 towns | det |
| 18 | towns | town | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 kept | nsubj |
| 19 | kept | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 work | conj |
| 20 | travellers | traveller | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 kept | obj |
| 21 | apart | apart | ADV | _ | 19 kept | advmod |
| 22 | for | for | ADP | _ | 24 days | case |
| 23 | forty | forty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 24 days | nummod |
| 24 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 kept | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 where | punct |
| 26 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 where | nsubj |
| 27 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 where | cop |
| 28 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 24 days | acl:relcl |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 word | det |
| 30 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 quarantine | compound |
| 31 | quarantine | quarantine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 comes | nsubj |
| 32 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 where | advcl:relcl |
| 33 | from | from | ADP | _ | 32 comes | compound:prt |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 word | punct |
| 35 | from | from | ADP | _ | 38 word | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 word | det |
| 37 | Italian | Italian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 word | amod |
| 38 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 comes | obl |
| 39 | for | for | ADP | _ | 40 forty | case |
| 40 | forty | forty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 38 word | nmod |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 work | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not work | past · do-support | sweet flowers | mostly property | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | keep | past | some towns | travellers | day | apart property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent traveller=Theme | ||
| 3 | is | present | forty days | where property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | come from | present | word quarantine | the Italian word for forty | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from word=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:024-the-black-death-and-the-end-of-the-middle-ages.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/24-the-black-death-and-the-end-of-the-middle-ages/11/