The Black Death and the end of the Middle Ages, sentence 9
In many towns frightened people falsely blamed Jewish communities for the plague and attacked them, a sad example of how fear can make people cruel.
Who acts: frightened people, fear · What happens: frighten, blame, attack, make · To what, where: Jewish communities, many towns, people
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Black Death and the end of the Middle Ages» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (frightened people, fear), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 towns | case |
| 2 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 towns | amod |
| 3 | towns | town | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 blamed | obl |
| 4 | frightened | frighten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 people | amod |
| 5 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 blamed | nsubj |
| 6 | falsely | falsely | ADV | _ | 7 blamed | advmod |
| 7 | blamed | blame | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | Jewish | Jewish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 communities | amod |
| 9 | communities | community | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 blamed | obj |
| 10 | for | for | ADP | _ | 12 plague | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 plague | det |
| 12 | plague | plague | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 blamed | obl |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 attacked | cc |
| 14 | attacked | attack | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 blamed | conj |
| 15 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 attacked | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 example | punct |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 example | det |
| 18 | sad | sad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 example | amod |
| 19 | example | example | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 attacked | obl |
| 20 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 24 make | mark |
| 21 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 24 make | advmod |
| 22 | fear | fear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 make | nsubj |
| 23 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 make | aux |
| 24 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 example | acl |
| 25 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 make | obj |
| 26 | cruel | cruel | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 make | xcomp |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 blamed | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | frighten | participle | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 2 | blame | past | frightened people | Jewish communities | many towns | for the plague; falsely property | vn judgment-33.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent community=Theme for plague=Attribute | ||
| 3 | attack | past | frightened people not said here | people | a sad example obl | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient | |||
| 4 | make | can | fear | people | cruel property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset people=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:024-the-black-death-and-the-end-of-the-middle-ages.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/24-the-black-death-and-the-end-of-the-middle-ages/9/