Mesopotamia: the first cities and writing, sentence 11
Farmers dug canals to carry river water to their fields, which is called irrigation.
Who acts: Farmers · What happens: dig, carry, call · To what, where: canals, river water, fields · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Mesopotamia: the first cities and writing» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Farmers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Farmers | farmer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 dug | nsubj |
| 2 | dug | dig | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | canals | canal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 dug | obj |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 carry | mark |
| 5 | carry | carry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 dug | advcl |
| 6 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 water | compound |
| 7 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 carry | obj |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 fields | case |
| 9 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 fields | nmod:poss |
| 10 | fields | field | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 carry | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 called | punct |
| 12 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 called | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 called | aux:pass |
| 14 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 fields | acl |
| 15 | irrigation | irrigation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 called | xcomp |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 dug | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dig | past | Farmers | canals | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent canal=Theme | ||||
| 2 | carry | to-infinitive | Farmers not said here | river water | farmers's fields | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent water=Theme to field=Destination | |||
| 3 | call | present · passive | farmers's fields | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:003-mesopotamia-first-cities-and-writing.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/3-mesopotamia-first-cities-and-writing/11/