The Industrial Revolution, sentence 6
James Watt greatly improved the steam engine; he did not invent it, as earlier steam engines already pumped water out of mines.
Who acts: James, earlier steam engines · What happens: improve, not invent, pump · To what, where: steam engine, engine, water, mines
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Industrial Revolution» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (James, earlier steam engines), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | James | James | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 improved | nsubj |
| 2 | Watt | Watt | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 James | flat |
| 3 | greatly | greatly | ADV | _ | 4 improved | advmod |
| 4 | improved | improve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 engine | det |
| 6 | steam | steam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 engine | compound |
| 7 | engine | engine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 improved | obj |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 invent | punct |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 invent | nsubj |
| 10 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 invent | aux |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 invent | advmod |
| 12 | invent | invent | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 improved | parataxis |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 invent | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 pumped | punct |
| 15 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 20 pumped | mark |
| 16 | earlier | early | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 18 engines | amod |
| 17 | steam | steam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 engines | compound |
| 18 | engines | engine | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 pumped | nsubj |
| 19 | already | already | ADV | _ | 20 pumped | advmod |
| 20 | pumped | pump | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 invent | advcl |
| 21 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 pumped | obj |
| 22 | out | out | ADP | _ | 24 mines | case |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 mines | case |
| 24 | mines | mine | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 pumped | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 improved | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | improve | past | James | the steam engine | greatly property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent engine=Patient | |||
| 2 | not invent | past · do-support | James | engine | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Result | ||||
| 3 | pump | past | earlier steam engines | water | mines | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent water=Theme out mine=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:030-the-industrial-revolution.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/30-the-industrial-revolution/6/