The First World War, sentence 0
By 1914 the big countries of Europe were rivals with large armies, tied together in two groups of allies, so a quarrel between two of them could pull in all the rest, like a playground fight where every friend joins in.
Who acts: big countries, quarrel, friend · What happens: be, tie, pull in, join in · To what, where: rivals, large armies, two groups, rest
This is a sentence of the lesson «The First World War» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (big countries, quarrel, friend), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | ADP | _ | 2 1914 | case |
| 2 | 1914 | 1914 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 9 rivals | obl |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 countries | det |
| 4 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 countries | amod |
| 5 | countries | country | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 rivals | nsubj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 Europe | case |
| 7 | Europe | Europe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 countries | nmod |
| 8 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 rivals | cop |
| 9 | rivals | rival | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 armies | case |
| 11 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 armies | amod |
| 12 | armies | army | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 rivals | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 tied | punct |
| 14 | tied | tie | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 armies | acl |
| 15 | together | together | ADV | _ | 14 tied | advmod |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 groups | case |
| 17 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 18 groups | nummod |
| 18 | groups | group | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 tied | obl |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 allies | case |
| 20 | allies | ally | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 groups | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 pull | punct |
| 22 | so | so | ADV | _ | 30 pull | advmod |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 quarrel | det |
| 24 | quarrel | quarrel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 pull | nsubj |
| 25 | between | between | ADP | _ | 26 two | case |
| 26 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 24 quarrel | nmod |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 them | case |
| 28 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 two | nmod |
| 29 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 30 pull | aux |
| 30 | pull | pull | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 rivals | conj |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 pull | compound:prt |
| 32 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 34 rest | det:predet |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 rest | det |
| 34 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 pull | obj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 fight | punct |
| 36 | like | like | ADP | _ | 39 fight | case |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 fight | det |
| 38 | playground | playground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 fight | compound |
| 39 | fight | fight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 pull | obl |
| 40 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 43 joins | advmod |
| 41 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 42 friend | det |
| 42 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 joins | nsubj |
| 43 | joins | join | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 fight | acl:relcl |
| 44 | in | in | ADP | _ | 43 joins | compound:prt |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 rivals | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the big countries of Europe | rivals | by 1914; with large armies | tree rules | |||
| 2 | tie | participle | large armies not said here | two groups of allies | together property | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient | |||
| 3 | pull in | could | a quarrel between two of countries | all rest | like a playground fight | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rest=Theme | |||
| 4 | join in | present | every friend | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:033-the-first-world-war.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/33-the-first-world-war/0/