The United States: a short story, sentence 12
George Washington led the American army to victory and became the first president in 1789, and he stepped down after two terms, showing that a president should not rule for life like a king, which the founders feared.
Who acts: George, president, founders · What happens: lead, become, step down, show, not rule, fear · To what, where: American army, victory, first president, 1789, king · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The United States: a short story» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (George, president, founders), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | George | George | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 led | nsubj |
| 2 | Washington | Washington | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 George | flat |
| 3 | led | lead | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 army | det |
| 5 | American | American | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 army | amod |
| 6 | army | army | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 led | obj |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 victory | case |
| 8 | victory | victory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 led | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 became | cc |
| 10 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 led | conj |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 president | det |
| 12 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 13 president | amod |
| 13 | president | president | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 became | xcomp |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 1789 | case |
| 15 | 1789 | 1789 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 10 became | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 stepped | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 stepped | cc |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 stepped | nsubj |
| 19 | stepped | step | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 led | conj |
| 20 | down | down | ADP | _ | 19 stepped | compound:prt |
| 21 | after | after | ADP | _ | 23 terms | case |
| 22 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 23 terms | nummod |
| 23 | terms | term | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 stepped | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 showing | punct |
| 25 | showing | show | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 stepped | advcl |
| 26 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 31 rule | mark |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 president | det |
| 28 | president | president | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 rule | nsubj |
| 29 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 rule | aux |
| 30 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 31 rule | advmod |
| 31 | rule | rule | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 showing | ccomp |
| 32 | for | for | ADP | _ | 33 life | case |
| 33 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 rule | obl |
| 34 | like | like | ADP | _ | 36 king | case |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 king | det |
| 36 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 rule | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 feared | punct |
| 38 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 41 feared | obj |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 founders | det |
| 40 | founders | founder | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 feared | nsubj |
| 41 | feared | fear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 king | acl:relcl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 led | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lead | past | George | the American army | victory | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent army=Theme to victory=Destination | |||
| 2 | become | past | George not said here | the first president | in 1789 result | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in 1789=Result | |||
| 3 | step down | past | George | after two terms | vn resign-10.11 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | show | gerund | George not said here | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | not rule | should | a president | for life; like a king | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | fear | past | the founders | a king | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer which=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:038-the-united-states-a-short-story.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/38-the-united-states-a-short-story/12/