Canada: a short story, sentence 2
In 1759 the British won the Battle of the Plains of Abraham and France gave up Canada, but French Canadians kept their language, which is why a Canadian cereal box has English on one side and French on the other.
Who acts: British, France, French Canadians, language, Canadian cereal box · What happens: win, give up, keep, be, have · To what, where: Battle, 1759, Canada, language, English, one side
This is a sentence of the lesson «Canada: a short story» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (British, France, French Canadians, language), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 1759 | case |
| 2 | 1759 | 1759 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 won | obl |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 British | det |
| 4 | British | British | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 won | nsubj |
| 5 | won | win | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Battle | det |
| 7 | Battle | battle | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 won | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 Plains | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Plains | det |
| 10 | Plains | plain | PROPN | Number=Plur | 7 Battle | nmod |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 Abraham | case |
| 12 | Abraham | Abraham | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Plains | nmod |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 gave | cc |
| 14 | France | France | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 gave | nsubj |
| 15 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 won | conj |
| 16 | up | up | ADP | _ | 15 gave | compound:prt |
| 17 | Canada | Canada | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 gave | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 kept | punct |
| 19 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 22 kept | cc |
| 20 | French | French | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 Canadians | amod |
| 21 | Canadians | canadian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 22 kept | nsubj |
| 22 | kept | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 won | conj |
| 23 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 language | nmod:poss |
| 24 | language | language | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 kept | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 why | punct |
| 26 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 why | nsubj |
| 27 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 why | cop |
| 28 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 24 language | acl:relcl |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 box | det |
| 30 | Canadian | Canadian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 box | amod |
| 31 | cereal | cereal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 box | compound |
| 32 | box | box | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 has | nsubj |
| 33 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 why | advcl:relcl |
| 34 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 has | obj |
| 35 | on | on | ADP | _ | 37 side | case |
| 36 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 37 side | nummod |
| 37 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 has | obl |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 French | cc |
| 39 | French | French | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 has | conj |
| 40 | on | on | ADP | _ | 42 other | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 other | det |
| 42 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 has | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 won | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | win | past | the British | the Battle of the Plains of Abraham | 1759 | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent battle=Eventuality | |||
| 2 | give up | past | France | Canada | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent canada=Source | ||||
| 3 | keep | past | French Canadians | Canadians's language | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Theme | ||||
| 4 | is | present | Canadians's language | why property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | have | present | a Canadian cereal box | English | one side | on the other | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent english=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:039-canada-a-short-story.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/39-canada-a-short-story/2/