Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus, sentence 4
A legend says three brothers, Kyi, Shchek and Khoryv, and their sister Lybid founded the city; it is a legend, like Romulus and Remus for Rome, but the river Lybid and two hills still carry their names.
Who acts: legend, three brothers, river, brothers · What happens: say, found, be, carry, name · To what, where: city, legend, names · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Kyiv's beginnings and Kyivan Rus» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (legend, three brothers, river, brothers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 legend | det |
| 2 | legend | legend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 says | nsubj |
| 3 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 brothers | nummod |
| 5 | brothers | brother | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 founded | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 Kyi | punct |
| 7 | Kyi | Kyi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 brothers | appos |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 Shchek | punct |
| 9 | Shchek | Shchek | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Kyi | appos |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 Khoryv | cc |
| 11 | Khoryv | Khoryv | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Kyi | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 founded | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 founded | cc |
| 14 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 sister | nmod:poss |
| 15 | sister | sister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 founded | nsubj |
| 16 | Lybid | Lybid | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 sister | appos |
| 17 | founded | found | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 says | conj |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 city | det |
| 19 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 founded | obj |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 legend | punct |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 legend | nsubj |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 legend | cop |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 legend | det |
| 24 | legend | legend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 says | ccomp |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 Romulus | punct |
| 26 | like | like | ADP | _ | 27 Romulus | case |
| 27 | Romulus | Romulus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 legend | nmod |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 Remus | cc |
| 29 | Remus | Remus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 Romulus | conj |
| 30 | for | for | ADP | _ | 31 Rome | case |
| 31 | Rome | Rome | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 Romulus | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 carry | punct |
| 33 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 41 carry | cc |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 river | det |
| 35 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 carry | nsubj |
| 36 | Lybid | Lybid | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 river | appos |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 hills | cc |
| 38 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 39 hills | nummod |
| 39 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 river | conj |
| 40 | still | still | ADV | _ | 41 carry | advmod |
| 41 | carry | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 says | conj |
| 42 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 names | nmod:poss |
| 43 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 carry | obj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 says | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | a legend | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | found | past | three brothers | the city | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent city=Patient | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | legend | a legend | like Romulus for Rome and Remus | tree rules | |||
| 4 | carry | present | the river and two hills | brothers's names | still | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Theme | |||
| 5 | name | brothers = brother | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:041-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/41-kyivs-beginnings-and-kyivan-rus/4/