China: five thousand years and the oldest dynasties, sentence 14

The Zhou dynasty, 1046–256 BC, taught the Mandate of Heaven: a ruler governs while he rules justly, and disasters and revolts show he has lost the right; rebels could use the same idea.

Who acts: Zhou dynasty, ruler, dynasty, disasters, rebels · What happens: teach, govern, rule, show, lose, use · To what, where: Mandate, right, same idea · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «China: five thousand years and the oldest dynasties» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Zhou dynasty, ruler, dynasty, disasters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 dynasty	det
2	Zhou	Zhou	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 dynasty	compound
3	dynasty	dynasty	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 taught	nsubj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 1046	punct
5	1046	1046	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 dynasty	appos
6	–	-	PUNCT	_	5 1046	punct
7	256	256	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 1046	flat
8	BC	BC	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 1046	nmod:unmarked
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 dynasty	punct
10	taught	teach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Mandate	det
12	Mandate	mandate	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 taught	obj
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 Heaven	case
14	Heaven	Heaven	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Mandate	nmod
15	:	:	PUNCT	_	18 governs	punct
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 ruler	det
17	ruler	ruler	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 governs	nsubj
18	governs	govern	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 taught	parataxis
19	while	while	SCONJ	_	21 rules	mark
20	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 rules	nsubj
21	rules	rule	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 governs	advcl
22	justly	justly	ADV	Degree=Pos	21 rules	advmod
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 show	punct
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 show	cc
25	disasters	disaster	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 show	nsubj
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 revolts	cc
27	revolts	revolt	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 disasters	conj
28	show	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 taught	conj
29	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 lost	nsubj
30	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 lost	aux
31	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	28 show	ccomp
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 right	det
33	right	right	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 lost	obj
34	;	;	PUNCT	_	37 use	punct
35	rebels	rebel	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 use	nsubj
36	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	37 use	aux
37	use	use	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	31 lost	advcl
38	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	40 idea	det
39	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	40 idea	amod
40	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 use	obj
41	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 taught	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	teach speech: other	past	the Zhou dynasty		the Mandate of Heaven		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent mandate=Recipient
2	govern	present	a ruler				vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent
3	rule	present	dynasty			justly property	vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	show	present	disasters and revolts				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
5	lose	present · perfect	dynasty	the right			vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent right=Eventuality
6	use	could	rebels	the same idea			vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:051-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/51-china-five-thousand-years-the-oldest-dynasties/14/