China: the four great inventions, sentence 11

In the Han era Chinese thinkers used magnetic spoons for divination (trying to tell the future), and by the 11th century compasses were used for navigation at sea.

Who acts: Chinese thinkers · What happens: use, try, tell · To what, where: magnetic spoons, Han era, future, compasses · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «China: the four great inventions» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chinese thinkers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 era	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 era	det
3	Han	Han	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 era	compound
4	era	era	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 used	obl
5	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 thinkers	amod
6	thinkers	thinker	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 used	nsubj
7	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	magnetic	magnetic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 spoons	amod
9	spoons	spoon	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 used	obj
10	for	for	ADP	_	11 divination	case
11	divination	divination	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 used	obl
12	(	(	PUNCT	_	13 trying	punct
13	trying	try	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 used	advcl
14	to	to	PART	_	15 tell	mark
15	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 trying	xcomp
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 future	det
17	future	future	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 tell	obj
18	)	)	PUNCT	_	13 trying	punct
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 used	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 used	cc
21	by	by	ADP	_	25 compasses	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 century	det
23	11th	11th	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 century	amod
24	century	century	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 used	obl
25	compasses	compass	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 used	nsubj:pass
26	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	27 used	aux:pass
27	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 used	conj
28	for	for	ADP	_	29 navigation	case
29	navigation	navigation	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 used	obl
30	at	at	ADP	_	31 sea	case
31	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 navigation	nmod
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 used	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	past	Chinese thinkers	magnetic spoons	the Han era		for divination	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent spoon=Theme for divination=Eventuality
2	try	gerund	Chinese thinkers not said here					vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
3	tell speech: assert not said to happen	to-infinitive	Chinese thinkers not said here	the future				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent future=Recipient
4	use	past · passive		compasses		century	for navigation at sea	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: subject=Theme for navigation=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:053-china-the-four-great-inventions.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×5, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/53-china-the-four-great-inventions/11/