China: the Qing and the Opium Wars, sentence 19
Empress Dowager Cixi was the most powerful person at the Qing court from 1861 to 1908; navy money was used to rebuild the Summer Palace, where a stone «marble boat» pavilion stands, but how much this weakened the navy is debated.
Who acts: Empress Dowager, stone boat pavilion, this · What happens: be, use, rebuild, stand, weaken, debate · To what, where: powerful person, Qing court, navy money, Summer Palace, much
This is a sentence of the lesson «China: the Qing and the Opium Wars» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Empress Dowager, stone boat pavilion, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Empress | empress | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Dowager | compound |
| 2 | Dowager | dowager | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 person | nsubj |
| 3 | Cixi | Cixi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Dowager | appos |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 person | cop |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 person | det |
| 6 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 7 powerful | advmod |
| 7 | powerful | powerful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 person | amod |
| 8 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | at | at | ADP | _ | 12 court | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 court | det |
| 11 | Qing | Qing | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 court | compound |
| 12 | court | court | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 person | nmod |
| 13 | from | from | ADP | _ | 14 1861 | case |
| 14 | 1861 | 1861 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 12 court | nmod |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 1908 | case |
| 16 | 1908 | 1908 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 14 1861 | nmod |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 used | punct |
| 18 | navy | navy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 money | compound |
| 19 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 used | nsubj:pass |
| 20 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 used | aux:pass |
| 21 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 person | parataxis |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 rebuild | mark |
| 23 | rebuild | rebuild | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 used | xcomp |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 Palace | det |
| 25 | Summer | summer | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Palace | compound |
| 26 | Palace | Palace | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 rebuild | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 Palace | punct |
| 28 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 36 stands | advmod |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 pavilion | det |
| 30 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 pavilion | compound |
| 31 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 33 boat | punct |
| 32 | marble | marble | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 boat | amod |
| 33 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 pavilion | compound |
| 34 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 33 boat | punct |
| 35 | pavilion | pavilion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 stands | nsubj |
| 36 | stands | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 Palace | acl:relcl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 debated | punct |
| 38 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 46 debated | cc |
| 39 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 40 much | advmod |
| 40 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 weakened | obj |
| 41 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 42 weakened | nsubj |
| 42 | weakened | weaken | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 46 debated | csubj:pass |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 navy | det |
| 44 | navy | navy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 weakened | obj |
| 45 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 46 debated | aux:pass |
| 46 | debated | debate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 person | conj |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 person | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | Empress Dowager | the powerful person | the Qing court from 1861 to 1908 | tree rules | |||
| 2 | use | past · passive | navy money | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Theme clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | rebuild | to-infinitive | the Summer Palace | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent palace=Result | |||||
| 4 | stand | present | a stone boat pavilion | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | weaken | past | this | much | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | debate | present · passive | Empress Dowager not said here | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:057-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars.lesson:19.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/57-china-the-qing-and-the-opium-wars/19/