Ancient Egypt: pyramids, mummies and hieroglyphs, sentence 11
Egyptians believed the body was needed in the afterlife, so they dried it with a special salt, wrapped it in linen and placed it in a decorated coffin.
Who acts: Egyptians · What happens: believe, need, dry, wrap, place, decorate · To what, where: body, afterlife, linen, decorated coffin · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ancient Egypt: pyramids, mummies and hieroglyphs» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Egyptians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Egyptians | egyptian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 2 believed | nsubj |
| 2 | believed | believe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 body | det |
| 4 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 needed | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 needed | aux:pass |
| 6 | needed | need | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 believed | ccomp |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 afterlife | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 afterlife | det |
| 9 | afterlife | afterlife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 needed | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 dried | punct |
| 11 | so | so | ADV | _ | 13 dried | advmod |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 dried | nsubj |
| 13 | dried | dry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 believed | conj |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 dried | obj |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 18 salt | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 salt | det |
| 17 | special | special | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 salt | amod |
| 18 | salt | salt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 dried | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 wrapped | punct |
| 20 | wrapped | wrap | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 dried | conj |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 wrapped | obj |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 linen | case |
| 23 | linen | linen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 wrapped | obl |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 placed | cc |
| 25 | placed | place | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 wrapped | conj |
| 26 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 placed | obj |
| 27 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 coffin | case |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 coffin | det |
| 29 | decorated | decorate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 coffin | amod |
| 30 | coffin | coffin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 placed | obl |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 believed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | believe | past | Egyptians | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | need | past · passive | the body | the afterlife | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 3 | dry | past | Egyptians = egyptian | body | with a special salt | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Patient with salt=Instrument | |||
| 4 | wrap | past | Egyptians = egyptian not said here | body | linen | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme in linen=Destination | |||
| 5 | place | past | Egyptians = egyptian not said here | body | a decorated coffin | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme in coffin=Destination | |||
| 6 | decorate | participle | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:006-ancient-egypt-pyramids-mummies-and-hieroglyphs.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/6-ancient-egypt-pyramids-mummies-and-hieroglyphs/11/