China: Mei's exaggerations and everyday China, sentence 17
Mandarin has the most native speakers in the world; English has the most speakers in total when second-language learners are counted.
Who acts: Mandarin, English · What happens: have, count · To what, where: native speakers, world, most speakers, total, language learners
This is a sentence of the lesson «China: Mei's exaggerations and everyday China» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mandarin, English), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mandarin | Mandarin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 has | nsubj |
| 2 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 speakers | det |
| 4 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 5 native | advmod |
| 5 | native | native | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 speakers | amod |
| 6 | speakers | speaker | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 has | obj |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 world | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 world | det |
| 9 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 speakers | nmod |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 has | punct |
| 11 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 has | nsubj |
| 12 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 has | parataxis |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 speakers | det |
| 14 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 15 speakers | amod |
| 15 | speakers | speaker | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 has | obj |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 total | case |
| 17 | total | total | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 speakers | nmod |
| 18 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 24 counted | advmod |
| 19 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 21 language | amod |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 second | punct |
| 21 | language | language | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 learners | compound |
| 22 | learners | learner | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 counted | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 counted | aux:pass |
| 24 | counted | count | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 has | advcl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 has | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | Mandarin | the native speakers | the world | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent speaker=Patient | |||
| 2 | have | present | English | the most speakers | total | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent speaker=Patient | |||
| 3 | count | present · passive | language learners | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:060-china-mei-s-exaggerations-and-everyday-china.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/60-china-mei-s-exaggerations-and-everyday-china/17/