China: Mei's exaggerations and everyday China, sentence 19
Wild giant pandas live only in the mountains of China; since the 1980s zoos abroad usually rent pandas from China instead of receiving them as gifts, and cubs born abroad are usually sent to China.
Who acts: Wild giant pandas, zoos · What happens: live, rent, receive, bear, send · To what, where: mountains, 1980s, China, pandas, cubs
This is a sentence of the lesson «China: Mei's exaggerations and everyday China» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wild giant pandas, zoos), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 pandas | amod |
| 2 | giant | giant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 pandas | amod |
| 3 | pandas | panda | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 live | nsubj |
| 4 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | only | only | ADV | _ | 4 live | advmod |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 mountains | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 mountains | det |
| 8 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 live | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 China | case |
| 10 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 mountains | nmod |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 receiving | punct |
| 12 | since | since | ADP | _ | 15 zoos | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 1980s | det |
| 14 | 1980s | 1980s | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 18 rent | obl |
| 15 | zoos | zoo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 rent | nsubj |
| 16 | abroad | abroad | ADV | _ | 15 zoos | advmod |
| 17 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 18 rent | advmod |
| 18 | rent | rent | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 live | parataxis |
| 19 | pandas | panda | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 rent | obj |
| 20 | from | from | ADP | _ | 21 China | case |
| 21 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 rent | obl |
| 22 | instead | instead | ADV | _ | 24 receiving | mark |
| 23 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 24 receiving | mark |
| 24 | receiving | receive | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 18 rent | advcl |
| 25 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 receiving | obj |
| 26 | as | as | ADP | _ | 27 gifts | case |
| 27 | gifts | gift | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 receiving | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 sent | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 sent | cc |
| 30 | cubs | cub | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 sent | nsubj:pass |
| 31 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 cubs | acl |
| 32 | abroad | abroad | ADV | _ | 31 born | advmod |
| 33 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 sent | aux:pass |
| 34 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 35 sent | advmod |
| 35 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 live | conj |
| 36 | to | to | ADP | _ | 37 China | case |
| 37 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 sent | obl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 live | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | present | Wild giant pandas | the mountains of China | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in mountain=Location | ||||
| 2 | rent | present | zoos | the 1980s | China | usually property | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent panda=Theme from china=Source | ||
| 3 | receive | gerund | zoos not said here | pandas = panda | as gifts | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | |||
| 4 | bear | participle | cubs not said here | abroad property | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | send | present · passive | cubs | China | usually property | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to china=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:060-china-mei-s-exaggerations-and-everyday-china.lesson:19.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/60-china-mei-s-exaggerations-and-everyday-china/19/