How we got here: the big steps on one long timeline, sentence 23
About 12,000 years ago there were only a few million people; about one billion by 1800 and more than eight billion today.
Who acts: few million people · What happens: be
This is a sentence of the lesson «How we got here: the big steps on one long timeline» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (few million people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | About | about | ADV | _ | 2 12,000 | advmod |
| 2 | 12,000 | 12,000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 years | nummod |
| 3 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 4 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 6 were | advmod |
| 5 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 6 were | expl |
| 6 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | only | only | ADV | _ | 10 million | advmod |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 million | det |
| 9 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 people | amod |
| 10 | million | million | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 11 people | nummod |
| 11 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 were | nsubj |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 billion | punct |
| 13 | about | about | ADV | _ | 15 billion | advmod |
| 14 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 billion | compound |
| 15 | billion | billion | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 11 people | appos |
| 16 | by | by | ADP | _ | 17 1800 | case |
| 17 | 1800 | 1800 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 15 billion | nmod |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 billion | cc |
| 19 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV | 21 eight | advmod |
| 20 | than | than | ADP | _ | 19 more | fixed |
| 21 | eight | eight | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 22 billion | compound |
| 22 | billion | billion | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 billion | conj |
| 23 | today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 billion | nmod:unmarked |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 were | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | few million people | there | ago property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:061-how-we-got-here-the-big-steps-on-one-long-timeline.lesson:23.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/61-how-we-got-here-the-big-steps-on-one-long-timeline/23/