How we got here: the big steps on one long timeline, sentence 7
Nobody invented fire, farming began in several lands on its own, and the Stone, Bronze and Iron Ages are labels historians made, not days when everyone upgraded together like in a game.
Who acts: Nobody, farming, Stone, historians, everyone · What happens: invent, begin, be, make, upgrade · To what, where: fire, several lands, labels
This is a sentence of the lesson «How we got here: the big steps on one long timeline» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nobody, farming, Stone, historians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nobody | nobody | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 2 invented | nsubj |
| 2 | invented | invent | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 invented | obj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 began | punct |
| 5 | farming | farming | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 began | nsubj |
| 6 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 invented | conj |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 lands | case |
| 8 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 lands | amod |
| 9 | lands | land | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 began | obl |
| 10 | on | on | ADP | _ | 12 own | case |
| 11 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 own | nmod:poss |
| 12 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 began | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 labels | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 labels | cc |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Ages | det |
| 16 | Stone | Stone | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 labels | nsubj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 Bronze | punct |
| 18 | Bronze | Bronze | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Stone | conj |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 Ages | cc |
| 20 | Iron | Iron | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 Ages | compound |
| 21 | Ages | Age | PROPN | Number=Plur | 16 Stone | conj |
| 22 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 labels | cop |
| 23 | labels | label | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 invented | conj |
| 24 | historians | historian | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 made | nsubj |
| 25 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 labels | acl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 days | punct |
| 27 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 28 days | advmod |
| 28 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 labels | appos |
| 29 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 31 upgraded | advmod |
| 30 | everyone | everyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 31 upgraded | nsubj |
| 31 | upgraded | upgrade | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 days | acl:relcl |
| 32 | together | together | ADV | _ | 31 upgraded | advmod |
| 33 | like | like | ADP | _ | 36 game | case |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 36 game | case |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 game | det |
| 36 | game | game | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 upgraded | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 invented | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | invent | past | Nobody | fire | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Result | ||||
| 2 | begin | past | farming | several lands | on farming's own | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||
| 3 | is a | present | Stone and Bronze and the Iron Ages | labels | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | make | participle | historians | labels not said here | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset label=Product | ||||
| 5 | upgrade | past | everyone | like a game; together property | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:061-how-we-got-here-the-big-steps-on-one-long-timeline.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/61-how-we-got-here-the-big-steps-on-one-long-timeline/7/