Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, clocks and glasses, sentence 10
Wheeled carts appeared about 5,500 years ago, in the Middle East and on the steppes of Eastern Europe, long after farming and pottery.
Who acts: Wheeled carts · What happens: wheel, appear, farm · To what, where: Middle East
This is a sentence of the lesson «Everyday inventions: pots, boats, wheels, horses, clocks and glasses» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wheeled carts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wheeled | wheel | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 carts | amod |
| 2 | carts | cart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 appeared | nsubj |
| 3 | appeared | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | about | about | ADV | _ | 5 5,500 | advmod |
| 5 | 5,500 | 5,500 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 years | nummod |
| 6 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 7 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 3 appeared | advmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 East | punct |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 East | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 East | det |
| 11 | Middle | Middle | PROPN | _ | 12 East | compound |
| 12 | East | East | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 appeared | obl |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 steppes | cc |
| 14 | on | on | ADP | _ | 16 steppes | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 steppes | det |
| 16 | steppes | steppe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 appeared | conj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 Europe | case |
| 18 | Eastern | eastern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 Europe | amod |
| 19 | Europe | Europe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 steppes | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 farming | punct |
| 21 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 23 farming | advmod |
| 22 | after | after | ADP | _ | 23 farming | case |
| 23 | farming | farm | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 appeared | obl |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 pottery | cc |
| 25 | pottery | pottery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 farming | conj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 appeared | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wheel | participle | vn drive-11.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | appear | past | Wheeled carts | the Middle East | ago property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in east=Location | |||
| 3 | farm | gerund | long property | vn rear-26.2.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:062-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/62-everyday-inventions-pots-boats-wheels-horses-clocks-and-glasses/10/