Writing, laws and money: how strangers learned to trust each other, sentence 0
Jack's friend says writing was invented in one place and everyone copied the ABC.
Who acts: friend, everyone · What happens: say, invent, copy · To what, where: writing, one place, ABC · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Writing, laws and money: how strangers learned to trust each other» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friend, everyone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jack | Jack | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 friend | nmod:poss |
| 2 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 1 Jack | case |
| 3 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 says | nsubj |
| 4 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | writing | write | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 invented | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 invented | aux:pass |
| 7 | invented | invent | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 says | ccomp |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 place | case |
| 9 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 place | nummod |
| 10 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 invented | obl |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 copied | cc |
| 12 | everyone | everyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 13 copied | nsubj |
| 13 | copied | copy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 invented | conj |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 ABC | det |
| 15 | ABC | ABC | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 copied | obj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 says | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | Jack's friend | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | invent | past · passive | writing | one place | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result | ||||
| 3 | copy | past | everyone | the ABC | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent abc=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:063-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/63-writing-laws-and-money-how-strangers-learned-to-trust-each-other/0/