Learning through the ages: schools, universities, libraries and science, sentence 21

Ibn al-Haytham in Cairo, around the year 1000, tested ideas about light with experiments; science is a way of checking ideas, not just a list of facts.

Who acts: Ibn, science, way · What happens: test, be, check, list · To what, where: ideas, way, facts

This is a sentence of the lesson «Learning through the ages: schools, universities, libraries and science» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ibn, science, way), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ibn	Ibn	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 tested	nsubj
2	al	Al	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Ibn	flat
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 Haytham	punct
4	Haytham	Haytham	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Ibn	flat
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 Cairo	case
6	Cairo	Cairo	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Haytham	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 year	punct
8	around	around	ADP	_	10 year	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 year	det
10	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 tested	obl
11	1000	1000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	10 year	flat
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 ideas	punct
13	tested	test	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
14	ideas	idea	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 tested	obj
15	about	about	ADP	_	16 light	case
16	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 ideas	nmod
17	with	with	ADP	_	18 experiments	case
18	experiments	experiment	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 tested	obl
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	13 tested	punct
20	science	science	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 way	nsubj
21	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 way	cop
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 way	det
23	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 tested	parataxis
24	of	of	SCONJ	_	25 checking	mark
25	checking	check	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	23 way	acl
26	ideas	idea	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 checking	obj
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 list	punct
28	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	31 list	advmod
29	just	just	ADV	_	31 list	advmod
30	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 list	det
31	list	list	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 way	conj
32	of	of	ADP	_	33 facts	case
33	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 list	nmod
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 tested	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	test	past	Ibn	ideas	year	about light; with experiments	vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Theme
2	is a	present	science	a way and a list of facts			tree rules
3	check	gerund	a way and a list of facts not said here	ideas			vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Theme
4	list			facts			nom list «communication transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:064-learning-through-the-ages-schools-universities-libraries-and-science.lesson:21.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/64-learning-through-the-ages-schools-universities-libraries-and-science/21/