Who decides: kings, councils, republics and democracies, sentence 15
In 1776 American colonists declared independence from Britain and later set up a republic; in 1789 the French Revolution overthrew the king's power; at first mostly men with property could vote, and slavery went on in the US.
Who acts: American colonists, French Revolution, men, slavery · What happens: declare, set up, overthrow, vote, go on · To what, where: independence, 1776, republic, power, 1789
This is a sentence of the lesson «Who decides: kings, councils, republics and democracies» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (American colonists, French Revolution, men, slavery), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 1776 | case |
| 2 | 1776 | 1776 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 declared | obl |
| 3 | American | American | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 colonists | amod |
| 4 | colonists | colonist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 declared | nsubj |
| 5 | declared | declare | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | independence | independence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 declared | obj |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 Britain | case |
| 8 | Britain | Britain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 declared | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 set | cc |
| 10 | later | late | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 11 set | advmod |
| 11 | set | set | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 declared | conj |
| 12 | up | up | ADP | _ | 11 set | compound:prt |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 republic | det |
| 14 | republic | republic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 set | obj |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 overthrew | punct |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 1789 | case |
| 17 | 1789 | 1789 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 21 overthrew | obl |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 Revolution | det |
| 19 | French | French | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Revolution | compound |
| 20 | Revolution | Revolution | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 overthrew | nsubj |
| 21 | overthrew | overthrow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 set | parataxis |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 king | det |
| 23 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 power | nmod:poss |
| 24 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 23 king | case |
| 25 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 overthrew | obj |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 men | punct |
| 27 | at | at | ADP | _ | 28 first | case |
| 28 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 34 vote | obl |
| 29 | mostly | mostly | ADV | _ | 30 men | advmod |
| 30 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 vote | nsubj |
| 31 | with | with | ADP | _ | 32 property | case |
| 32 | property | property | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 men | nmod |
| 33 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 vote | aux |
| 34 | vote | vote | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 overthrew | parataxis |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 went | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 went | cc |
| 37 | slavery | slavery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 went | nsubj |
| 38 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 overthrew | conj |
| 39 | on | on | ADP | _ | 38 went | compound:prt |
| 40 | in | in | ADP | _ | 42 US | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 US | det |
| 42 | US | US | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 went | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 declared | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | declare speech: other | past | American colonists | independence | 1776 | from Britain | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent independence=Attribute | ||
| 2 | set up | past | American colonists not said here | a republic | late property | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient republic=Result | |||
| 3 | overthrow | past | the French Revolution | the king's power | 1789 | tree rules | |||
| 4 | vote | could | men with property | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | go on | past | slavery | in the US | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in us=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:067-who-decides-kings-councils-republics-and-democracies.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/67-who-decides-kings-councils-republics-and-democracies/15/