Who decides: kings, councils, republics and democracies, sentence 7
Many peoples found ways to share decisions: Iceland's Althing met from 930, which Freyja calls «pretty boss», Scouse slang for brilliant; the Haudenosaunee joined their nations in a council of peace; Poland-Lithuania elected its kings.
Who acts: Many peoples, Althing, Freyja, Haudenosaunee, Poland Lithuania · What happens: find, share, meet, call, join, elect · To what, where: ways, decisions, 930, pretty boss, nations, council · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Who decides: kings, councils, republics and democracies» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many peoples, Althing, Freyja, Haudenosaunee), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 peoples | amod |
| 2 | peoples | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 found | nsubj |
| 3 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | ways | way | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 found | obj |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 share | mark |
| 6 | share | share | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 ways | acl |
| 7 | decisions | decision | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 share | obj |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 met | punct |
| 9 | Iceland | Iceland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Althing | nmod:poss |
| 10 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 9 Iceland | case |
| 11 | Althing | Althing | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 met | nsubj |
| 12 | met | meet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 found | parataxis |
| 13 | from | from | ADP | _ | 14 930 | case |
| 14 | 930 | 930 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 12 met | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 « | punct |
| 16 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 calls | obj |
| 17 | Freyja | Freyja | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 calls | nsubj |
| 18 | calls | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 met | parataxis |
| 19 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 21 boss | punct |
| 20 | pretty | pretty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 boss | amod |
| 21 | boss | boss | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 calls | xcomp |
| 22 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 21 boss | punct |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 slang | punct |
| 24 | Scouse | scouse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 slang | compound |
| 25 | slang | slang | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 boss | appos |
| 26 | for | for | ADP | _ | 27 brilliant | case |
| 27 | brilliant | brilliant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 slang | nmod |
| 28 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 joined | punct |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 Haudenosaunee | det |
| 30 | Haudenosaunee | Haudenosaunee | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 joined | nsubj |
| 31 | joined | join | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 found | parataxis |
| 32 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 nations | nmod:poss |
| 33 | nations | nation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 joined | obj |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 36 council | case |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 council | det |
| 36 | council | council | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 joined | obl |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 peace | case |
| 38 | peace | peace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 council | nmod |
| 39 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 43 elected | punct |
| 40 | Poland | Poland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 Lithuania | compound |
| 41 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 40 Poland | punct |
| 42 | Lithuania | Lithuania | PROPN | Number=Sing | 43 elected | nsubj |
| 43 | elected | elect | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 found | conj |
| 44 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 45 kings | nmod:poss |
| 45 | kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 elected | obj |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 found | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- pos
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | past | Many peoples | ways | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic | ||||
| 2 | share | to-infinitive | Many peoples not said here | decisions | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | meet | past | Iceland's Althing | 930 | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | call | present | Freyja | pretty boss | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent which=Recipient | ||||
| 5 | join | past | the Haudenosaunee | ways's nations | a council of peace | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nation=Patient | |||
| 6 | elect | past | Poland Lithuania | Haudenosaunee's kings | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent king=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:067-who-decides-kings-councils-republics-and-democracies.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/67-who-decides-kings-councils-republics-and-democracies/7/