Trade: why people swap, and the great trade routes, sentence 14
Obsidian, a sharp volcanic glass, was traded over long distances more than 10,000 years ago, before the first cities.
What happens: trade · To what, where: Obsidian
This is a sentence of the lesson «Trade: why people swap, and the great trade routes» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Obsidian | Obsidian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 traded | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 glass | punct |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 glass | det |
| 4 | sharp | sharp | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 glass | amod |
| 5 | volcanic | volcanic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 glass | amod |
| 6 | glass | glass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Obsidian | appos |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Obsidian | punct |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 traded | aux:pass |
| 9 | traded | trade | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 10 | over | over | ADV | _ | 11 long | advmod |
| 11 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 distances | amod |
| 12 | distances | distance | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 traded | obl |
| 13 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV | 15 10,000 | advmod |
| 14 | than | than | ADP | _ | 13 more | fixed |
| 15 | 10,000 | 10000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 16 years | nummod |
| 16 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 17 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 9 traded | advmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 cities | punct |
| 19 | before | before | ADP | _ | 22 cities | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 cities | det |
| 21 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 22 cities | amod |
| 22 | cities | city | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 traded | obl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 traded | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | trade | past · passive | Obsidian | before the first cities | long distances obl; ago property | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:070-trade-why-people-swap-and-the-great-trade-routes.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/70-trade-why-people-swap-and-the-great-trade-routes/14/