Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news, sentence 5

Our digits came from India, spread through scholars writing in Arabic such as al-Khwarizmi around 825, and reached Europe through writers such as Fibonacci in 1202.

Who acts: digits, scholars · What happens: come, spread, write, reach · To what, where: 825, India, scholars, Arabic, Europe, writers

This is a sentence of the lesson «Ideas on the move: numbers, paper, letters, chess and news» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (digits, scholars), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 digits	nmod:poss
2	digits	digit	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 came	nsubj
3	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	5 India	case
5	India	India	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 came	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 spread	punct
7	spread	spread	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	3 came	advcl
8	through	through	ADP	_	9 scholars	case
9	scholars	scholar	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 spread	obl
10	writing	write	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 scholars	acl
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 Arabic	case
12	Arabic	Arabic	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 writing	obl
13	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	15 al	case
14	as	as	ADP	_	13 such	fixed
15	al	Al	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 writing	obl
16	-	-	PUNCT	_	17 Khwarizmi	punct
17	Khwarizmi	Khwarizmi	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 al	flat
18	around	around	ADV	_	19 825	advmod
19	825	825	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 came	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 reached	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 reached	cc
22	reached	reach	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 came	conj
23	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	22 reached	obj
24	through	through	ADP	_	25 writers	case
25	writers	writer	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 reached	obl
26	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	28 Fibonacci	case
27	as	as	ADP	_	26 such	fixed
28	Fibonacci	Fibonacci	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 writers	nmod
29	in	in	ADP	_	30 1202	case
30	1202	1202	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	22 reached	obl
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 came	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	come	past	Our digits	825	India		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from india=Initial_Location
2	spread	participle	Our digits not said here		scholars		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through scholar=Location
3	write	gerund	scholars not said here		Arabic	such al	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	reach	past	Our digits not said here	Europe	writers such Fibonacci	in 1202	vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent europe=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:075-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news.lesson:5.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/75-ideas-on-the-move-numbers-paper-letters-chess-and-news/5/