Toad's Edwardian England: early motor cars, caravans, steam trains, wash day and gold sovereigns, sentence 13

Rich car owners often paid a chauffeur to drive and look after the car; the word comes from French and first meant a man who stoked the fire of a steam engine.

Who acts: Rich car owners, word, man · What happens: pay, drive, look, come, mean, stoke · To what, where: chauffeur, French, man, fire, steam engine

This is a sentence of the lesson «Toad's Edwardian England: early motor cars, caravans, steam trains, wash day and gold sovereigns» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rich car owners, word, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rich	rich	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 owners	amod
2	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 owners	compound
3	owners	owner	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 paid	nsubj
4	often	often	ADV	_	5 paid	advmod
5	paid	pay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 chauffeur	det
7	chauffeur	chauffeur	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 paid	obj
8	to	to	PART	_	9 drive	mark
9	drive	drive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 paid	advcl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 look	cc
11	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 drive	conj
12	after	after	ADP	_	14 car	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 car	det
14	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 look	obl
15	;	;	PUNCT	_	18 comes	punct
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 word	det
17	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 comes	nsubj
18	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 paid	parataxis
19	from	from	ADP	_	20 French	case
20	French	French	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 comes	obl
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 meant	cc
22	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	23 meant	advmod
23	meant	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 comes	conj
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 man	det
25	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 meant	obj
26	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	27 stoked	nsubj
27	stoked	stoke	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	25 man	acl:relcl
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 fire	det
29	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 stoked	obj
30	of	of	ADP	_	33 engine	case
31	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	33 engine	det
32	steam	steam	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 engine	compound
33	engine	engine	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 fire	nmod
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 paid	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pay	past	Rich car owners	a chauffeur			often property	vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chauffeur=Asset
2	drive	to-infinitive	Rich car owners not said here					vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
3	look	infinitive	Rich car owners not said here			after the car		vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
4	come	present	the word		French			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from french=Initial_Location
5	mean	past	the word not said here	a man			first property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Topic
6	stoke	past	a man	the fire of a steam engine				tree rules
7	fire			a steam engine				nom fire «event transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:083-toad-s-edwardian-england-early-motor-cars-caravans-steam-trains-wash-day-and-gold-sovereigns.lesson:13.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/83-toad-s-edwardian-england-early-motor-cars-caravans-steam-trains-wash-day-and-gold-sovereigns/13/