Gaols, magistrates and old punishments: from the stocks to the Children Act of 1908, sentence 13
In many Victorian prisons prisoners did hard labour, such as walking for hours on a treadwheel, a huge turning wheel of steps, which is where the word «treadmill» comes from.
Who acts: prisoners, hard labour, word · What happens: do, walk, be, come · To what, where: hard labour, many Victorian prisons, treadwheel
This is a sentence of the lesson «Gaols, magistrates and old punishments: from the stocks to the Children Act of 1908» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prisoners, hard labour, word), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 prisons | case |
| 2 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 prisons | amod |
| 3 | Victorian | victorian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 prisons | amod |
| 4 | prisons | prison | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 did | obl |
| 5 | prisoners | prisoner | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 did | nsubj |
| 6 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 labour | amod |
| 8 | labour | labour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 did | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 such | punct |
| 10 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 labour | amod |
| 11 | as | as | ADP | _ | 10 such | fixed |
| 12 | walking | walk | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 such | advcl |
| 13 | for | for | ADP | _ | 14 hours | case |
| 14 | hours | hour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 walking | obl |
| 15 | on | on | ADP | _ | 17 treadwheel | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 treadwheel | det |
| 17 | treadwheel | treadwheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 walking | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 wheel | punct |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 wheel | det |
| 20 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 wheel | amod |
| 21 | turning | turning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 wheel | compound |
| 22 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 labour | conj |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 steps | case |
| 24 | steps | step | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 wheel | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 where | punct |
| 26 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 where | nsubj |
| 27 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 where | cop |
| 28 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 8 labour | acl:relcl |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 word | det |
| 30 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 comes | nsubj |
| 31 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 32 treadmill | punct |
| 32 | treadmill | treadmill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 word | appos |
| 33 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 32 treadmill | punct |
| 34 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 where | advcl:relcl |
| 35 | from | from | ADP | _ | 34 comes | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 did | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | past | prisoners | hard labour and a huge turning wheel of steps | many Victorian prisons | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent labour=Eventuality | |||
| 2 | walk | gerund | prisoners not said here | a treadwheel | hour | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on treadwheel=Trajectory | |||
| 3 | is | present | hard labour and a huge turning wheel of steps | where property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | come | present | the word | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:084-gaols-magistrates-and-old-punishments-from-the-stocks-to-the-children-act-of-1908.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/84-gaols-magistrates-and-old-punishments-from-the-stocks-to-the-children-act-of-1908/13/