Olympiad: spot the anachronism ★★★, sentence 10

Potatoes, tomatoes, maize and chocolate reached Europe only after Columbus's voyage of 1492, and horses, which had died out in the Americas long ago, came back only with the Spanish.

Who acts: Potatoes, horses, Columbus · What happens: reach, die out, come back, voyage · To what, where: Europe

This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: spot the anachronism ★★★» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Potatoes, horses, Columbus), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Potatoes	potato	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 reached	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 tomatoes	punct
3	tomatoes	tomato	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Potatoes	conj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 maize	punct
5	maize	maize	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Potatoes	conj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 chocolate	cc
7	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Potatoes	conj
8	reached	reach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 reached	obj
10	only	only	ADV	_	14 voyage	advmod
11	after	after	ADP	_	14 voyage	case
12	Columbus	Columbus	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 voyage	nmod:poss
13	's	's	PART	_	12 Columbus	case
14	voyage	voyage	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 reached	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	16 1492	case
16	1492	1492	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	14 voyage	nmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 came	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 came	cc
19	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 came	nsubj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 died	punct
21	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	23 died	nsubj
22	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 died	aux
23	died	die	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	19 horses	acl:relcl
24	out	out	ADP	_	23 died	compound:prt
25	in	in	ADP	_	27 Americas	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 Americas	det
27	Americas	Americas	PROPN	Number=Plur	23 died	obl
28	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	29 ago	advmod
29	ago	ago	ADV	_	23 died	advmod
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 died	punct
31	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 reached	conj
32	back	back	ADV	_	31 came	advmod
33	only	only	ADV	_	36 Spanish	advmod
34	with	with	ADP	_	36 Spanish	case
35	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	36 Spanish	det
36	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 came	obl
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 reached	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	reach	past	Potatoes and tomatoes and maize and chocolate	Europe	after Columbus's voyage of 1492		vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent europe=Theme
2	die out	past · perfect	horses			in the Americas; ago property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in americas=Attribute
3	come back	past	horses			with the Spanish	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	voyage		Columbus				nom voyage «act transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:087-olympiad-spot-the-anachronism.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/87-olympiad-spot-the-anachronism/10/