Olympiad: spot the anachronism ★★★, sentence 14
Photography began in the 1820s and 1830s: Napoleon, who died in 1821, was never photographed, but Abraham Lincoln and Taras Shevchenko, who lived on into the 1850s and 1860s, were.
Who acts: Photography, Napoleon, Taras · What happens: begin, die, not photograph, live on, be · To what, where: 1820s, Napoleon, 1850s
This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: spot the anachronism ★★★» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Photography, Napoleon, Taras), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Photography | photography | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 began | nsubj |
| 2 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 1820s | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 1820s | det |
| 5 | 1820s | 1820 | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 2 began | obl |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 1830s | cc |
| 7 | 1830s | 1830 | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 5 1820s | conj |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 Napoleon | punct |
| 9 | Napoleon | Napoleon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 photographed | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 died | punct |
| 11 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 died | nsubj |
| 12 | died | die | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 Napoleon | acl:relcl |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 1821 | case |
| 14 | 1821 | 1821 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 12 died | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 photographed | punct |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 photographed | aux:pass |
| 17 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 18 photographed | advmod |
| 18 | photographed | photograph | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 began | parataxis |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 Lincoln | punct |
| 20 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 22 Lincoln | cc |
| 21 | Abraham | Abraham | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 Lincoln | compound |
| 22 | Lincoln | lincoln | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 photographed | conj |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 Taras | cc |
| 24 | Taras | Taras | PROPN | Number=Plur | 22 Lincoln | conj |
| 25 | Shevchenko | Shevchenko | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 Taras | flat |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 lived | punct |
| 27 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 lived | nsubj |
| 28 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 Taras | acl:relcl |
| 29 | on | on | ADV | _ | 32 1850s | advmod |
| 30 | into | into | ADP | _ | 32 1850s | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 1850s | det |
| 32 | 1850s | 1850 | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 28 lived | obl |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 1860s | cc |
| 34 | 1860s | 1860 | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 32 1850s | conj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 were | punct |
| 36 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 photographed | conj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 began | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | past | Photography | the 1820s and 1830s | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | die | past | Napoleon | in 1821 | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in 1821=Attribute | ||||
| 3 | not photograph | past · passive | Napoleon | vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 4 | live on | past | Taras | the 1850s and 1860s | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | be | past | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:087-olympiad-spot-the-anachronism.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/87-olympiad-spot-the-anachronism/14/