Plurals that make no sense: mice, sheep and geese, sentence 17
Most nouns ending in a consonant plus y change to -ies (baby, babies), and some ending in -f change to -ves (leaf, leaves).
Who acts: Most nouns, ending · What happens: end, change · To what, where: consonant
This is a sentence of the lesson «Plurals that make no sense: mice, sheep and geese» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Most nouns, ending), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 2 nouns | amod |
| 2 | nouns | noun | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 change | nsubj |
| 3 | ending | end | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 nouns | acl |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 consonant | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 consonant | det |
| 6 | consonant | consonant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 ending | obl |
| 7 | plus | plus | CCONJ | _ | 8 y | cc |
| 8 | y | y | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 consonant | conj |
| 9 | change | change | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 ies | case |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 to | punct |
| 12 | ies | ie | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 change | obl |
| 13 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 14 baby | punct |
| 14 | baby | baby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 ies | appos |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 babies | punct |
| 16 | babies | baby | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 baby | conj |
| 17 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 14 baby | punct |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 change | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 change | cc |
| 20 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 21 ending | det |
| 21 | ending | ending | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 change | nsubj |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 f | case |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 22 in | punct |
| 24 | f | f | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 ending | nmod |
| 25 | change | change | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 change | conj |
| 26 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 ves | case |
| 27 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 26 to | punct |
| 28 | ves | ve | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 change | obl |
| 29 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 30 leaf | punct |
| 30 | leaf | leaf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 ves | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 leaves | punct |
| 32 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 ves | appos |
| 33 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 32 leaves | punct |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 change | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | end | gerund | Most nouns not said here | a consonant plus y | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | change | present | Most nouns | to ies result | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Agent to ie=Result | ||||
| 3 | change | present | some ending in f | to ves and leaf result | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Agent to ve=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:010-plurals-mice-sheep-and-geese.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/10-plurals-mice-sheep-and-geese/17/