Grammar puzzles, part one, sentence 7

Many yes/no questions are made by moving the helping verb in front of the subject: "The cat is sleeping" becomes "Is the cat sleeping?"

Who acts: cat · What happens: make, move, sleep, become · To what, where: Many yes/no questions, helping verb, front · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Grammar puzzles, part one» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 questions	amod
2	yes/no	yes/no	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 questions	compound
3	questions	question	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 made	nsubj:pass
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 made	aux:pass
5	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	SCONJ	_	7 moving	mark
7	moving	move	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 made	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 verb	det
9	helping	helping	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 verb	compound
10	verb	verb	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 moving	obj
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 front	case
12	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 moving	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 subject	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 subject	det
15	subject	subject	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 front	nmod
16	:	:	PUNCT	_	21 sleeping	punct
17	"	"	PUNCT	_	21 sleeping	punct
18	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 cat	det
19	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 sleeping	nsubj
20	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 sleeping	aux
21	sleeping	sleep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	23 becomes	nsubj
22	"	"	PUNCT	_	21 sleeping	punct
23	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 made	parataxis
24	"	"	PUNCT	_	23 becomes	punct
25	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	28 sleeping	aux
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 cat	det
27	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 sleeping	nsubj
28	sleeping	sleep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	23 becomes	ccomp
29	?	?	PUNCT	_	28 sleeping	punct
30	"	"	PUNCT	_	28 sleeping	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed form=decl, act=assert, voice=narrator

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	make	present · passive		Many yes/no questions		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
2	move	gerund		the helping verb	front of the subject	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent verb=Theme
3	sleep in a quote	present · progressive	the cat			vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	become	present				tree rules
5	sleep in a quote	present · progressive	the cat			vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:011-grammar-puzzles-part-one.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/11-grammar-puzzles-part-one/7/