Formal and informal: a mate versus the head teacher, sentence 6

Informal talk is full of local warmth: a Welsh nan wants a cwtch (a hug), a West Country gran calls everyone "my lover", a London lad greets his mate with "Wagwan, fam!"; switching between styles is a skill, not being fake.

Who acts: Informal talk, Welsh nan, Country gran, London lad, switching · What happens: be, want, call, greet, switch, not be · To what, where: cwtch, everyone, mate, skill · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Formal and informal: a mate versus the head teacher» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Informal talk, Welsh nan, Country gran, London lad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Informal	informal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 talk	amod
2	talk	talk	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 full	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 full	cop
4	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 warmth	case
6	local	local	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 warmth	amod
7	warmth	warmth	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 full	obl
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 wants	punct
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 nan	det
10	Welsh	welsh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 nan	amod
11	nan	nan	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 wants	nsubj
12	wants	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 full	parataxis
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 cwtch	det
14	cwtch	cwtch	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 wants	obj
15	(	(	PUNCT	_	17 hug	punct
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 hug	det
17	hug	hug	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 cwtch	appos
18	)	)	PUNCT	_	17 hug	punct
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 calls	punct
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 gran	det
21	West	West	PROPN	Number=Sing	22 Country	compound
22	Country	Country	PROPN	Number=Sing	23 gran	compound
23	gran	gran	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 calls	nsubj
24	calls	call	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 wants	conj
25	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	24 calls	obj
26	"	"	PUNCT	_	28 lover	punct
27	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	28 lover	nmod:poss
28	lover	lover	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 calls	xcomp
29	"	"	PUNCT	_	28 lover	punct
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 greets	punct
31	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	33 lad	det
32	London	London	PROPN	Number=Sing	33 lad	compound
33	lad	lad	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 greets	nsubj
34	greets	greet	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 wants	conj
35	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	36 mate	nmod:poss
36	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 greets	obj
37	with	with	ADP	_	39 Wagwan	case
38	"	"	PUNCT	_	39 Wagwan	punct
39	Wagwan	Wagwan	PROPN	Number=Sing	34 greets	obl
40	,	,	PUNCT	_	41 fam	punct
41	fam	fam	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 mate	appos
42	!	!	PUNCT	_	41 fam	punct
43	"	"	PUNCT	_	41 fam	punct
44	;	;	PUNCT	_	50 skill	punct
45	switching	switch	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	50 skill	csubj
46	between	between	ADP	_	47 styles	case
47	styles	style	NOUN	Number=Plur	45 switching	obl
48	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	50 skill	cop
49	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	50 skill	det
50	skill	skill	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 full	parataxis
51	,	,	PUNCT	_	54 fake	punct
52	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	54 fake	advmod
53	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	54 fake	cop
54	fake	fake	ADJ	Degree=Pos	50 skill	appos
55	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 full	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: evaluate
voice: narrator
polarity: pos
teacher: changed form=decl, act=evaluate, polarity=pos

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	Informal talk			of local warmth; full property	tree rules
2	want	present	a Welsh nan	a cwtch			vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot cwtch=Theme
3	call	present	a Country gran		everyone		vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent everyone=Recipient
4	greet speech: greet	present	a London lad	lad's mate		with Wagwan	vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mate=Theme
5	switch	gerund				between styles	vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
6	is a	present	switching	a skill			tree rules
7	not is	gerund				fake property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:016-formal-and-informal-a-mate-versus-the-head-teacher.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/16-formal-and-informal-a-mate-versus-the-head-teacher/6/