Slang and how it changes with every generation, sentence 2

Slang moves fast: when parents start saying "sick" or "lit", young people often drop it and invent something new; but some slang settles down and ends up in dictionaries, like "rizz" (charm), Oxford's Word of the Year for 2023.

Who acts: Slang, parents, young people · What happens: move, start, say, drop, invent, settle down · To what, where: Word, sick, Slang, something, dictionaries · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Slang and how it changes with every generation» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Slang, parents, young people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Slang	slang	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 moves	nsubj
2	moves	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	fast	fast	ADV	_	2 moves	advmod
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 start	punct
5	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	7 start	advmod
6	parents	parent	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 start	nsubj
7	start	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 drop	advcl
8	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 start	xcomp
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 sick	punct
10	sick	sick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 saying	obj
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 sick	punct
12	or	or	CCONJ	_	14 lit	cc
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 lit	punct
14	lit	lit	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 sick	conj
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 lit	punct
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 drop	punct
17	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 people	amod
18	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 drop	nsubj
19	often	often	ADV	_	20 drop	advmod
20	drop	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 moves	parataxis
21	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 drop	obj
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 invent	cc
23	invent	invent	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 drop	conj
24	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	23 invent	obj
25	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 something	amod
26	;	;	PUNCT	_	31 down	punct
27	but	but	CCONJ	_	30 settles	cc
28	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	29 slang	det
29	slang	slang	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 settles	nsubj
30	settles	settle	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 moves	conj
31	down	down	ADP	_	30 settles	compound:prt
32	and	and	CCONJ	_	33 ends	cc
33	ends	end	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	30 settles	conj
34	up	up	ADP	_	33 ends	compound:prt
35	in	in	ADP	_	36 dictionaries	case
36	dictionaries	dictionary	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 ends	obl
37	,	,	PUNCT	_	40 rizz	punct
38	like	like	ADP	_	40 rizz	case
39	"	"	PUNCT	_	40 rizz	punct
40	rizz	rizz	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 dictionaries	nmod
41	"	"	PUNCT	_	40 rizz	punct
42	(	(	PUNCT	_	43 charm	punct
43	charm	charm	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 rizz	appos
44	)	)	PUNCT	_	43 charm	punct
45	,	,	PUNCT	_	48 Word	punct
46	Oxford	Oxford	PROPN	Number=Sing	48 Word	nmod:poss
47	's	's	PART	_	46 Oxford	case
48	Word	Word	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 moves	obj
49	of	of	ADP	_	51 Year	case
50	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	51 Year	det
51	Year	Year	PROPN	Number=Sing	48 Word	nmod
52	for	for	ADP	_	53 2023	case
53	2023	2023	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	48 Word	nmod
54	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 moves	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	move	present	Slang	Oxford's Word of the Year	for 2023; fast property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V ADJ.result»: agent=Theme word=Result
2	start	present	parents			vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
3	say speech: assert	gerund	parents not said here	sick or lit		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent sick=Topic
4	drop	present	young people	Slang	often property	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
5	invent	present	young people not said here	something		vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Result
6	settle down	present	some slang			vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient
7	end up	present	some slang not said here		in dictionaries like rizz result	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in dictionary=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:017-slang-and-how-it-changes-with-every-generation.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/17-slang-and-how-it-changes-with-every-generation/2/