Is there one proper English? The big arguments, sentence 1

Standard English is the kind taught at school and used in formal writing; dialects like "we was robbed" or "I don't want no dinner" have their own grammar, and everybody understands them, but school writing uses the standard.

Who acts: Standard English, dialects, writer, everybody, school writing · What happens: be, teach, use, rob, not want, have · To what, where: kind, school, formal writing, we, dinner, own grammar · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Is there one proper English? The big arguments» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Standard English, dialects, writer, everybody), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Standard	Standard	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 English	compound
2	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 kind	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 kind	cop
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 kind	det
5	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	taught	teach	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 kind	acl
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 school	case
8	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 taught	obl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 used	cc
10	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 taught	conj
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 writing	case
12	formal	formal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 writing	amod
13	writing	writing	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 used	obl
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	15 dialects	punct
15	dialects	dialect	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 have	nsubj
16	like	like	ADP	_	20 robbed	mark
17	"	"	PUNCT	_	20 robbed	punct
18	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	20 robbed	nsubj:pass
19	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 robbed	aux:pass
20	robbed	rob	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 dialects	acl
21	"	"	PUNCT	_	20 robbed	punct
22	or	or	CCONJ	_	27 want	cc
23	"	"	PUNCT	_	27 want	punct
24	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	27 want	nsubj
25	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 want	aux
26	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	27 want	advmod
27	want	want	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	20 robbed	conj
28	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	29 dinner	det
29	dinner	dinner	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 want	obj
30	"	"	PUNCT	_	27 want	punct
31	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 kind	parataxis
32	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	34 grammar	nmod:poss
33	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 grammar	amod
34	grammar	grammar	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 have	obj
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 understands	punct
36	and	and	CCONJ	_	38 understands	cc
37	everybody	everybody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	38 understands	nsubj
38	understands	understand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 have	conj
39	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	38 understands	obj
40	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 uses	punct
41	but	but	CCONJ	_	44 uses	cc
42	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 writing	compound
43	writing	writing	NOUN	Number=Sing	44 uses	nsubj
44	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 have	conj
45	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	46 standard	det
46	standard	standard	NOUN	Number=Sing	44 uses	obj
47	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 kind	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	is a	present	Standard English	the kind		tree rules
2	teach speech: other	participle		the kind not said here	school	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	use	participle			formal writing	vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	rob in a quote	past · passive	dialects not said here	we		vn cheat-10.6.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Source
5	not want in a quote	present · do-support	the writer = writer	no dinner		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot dinner=Theme
6	have	present	dialects	dialects's own grammar		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grammar=Patient
7	understand	present	everybody	dialects = dialect		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus
8	use	present	school writing	the standard		vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent standard=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:020-is-there-one-proper-english.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/20-is-there-one-proper-english/1/