Is there one proper English? The big arguments, sentence 17
In Nigerian English "I'm coming" can mean "I'll be back soon" when someone steps out of a room.
Who acts: more people, someone · What happens: come, mean, be, step out · To what, where: room · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Is there one proper English? The big arguments» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (more people, someone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 English | case |
| 2 | Nigerian | Nigerian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 English | amod |
| 3 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 mean | obl |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 coming | punct |
| 5 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 coming | nsubj |
| 6 | 'm | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 coming | aux |
| 7 | coming | come | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 mean | nsubj |
| 8 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 coming | punct |
| 9 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 mean | aux |
| 10 | mean | mean | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 back | punct |
| 12 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 15 back | nsubj |
| 13 | 'll | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 back | aux |
| 14 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 15 back | cop |
| 15 | back | back | ADV | _ | 10 mean | ccomp |
| 16 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 15 back | advmod |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 back | punct |
| 18 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 20 steps | advmod |
| 19 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 20 steps | nsubj |
| 20 | steps | step | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 mean | advcl |
| 21 | out | out | ADP | _ | 24 room | case |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 room | case |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 room | det |
| 24 | room | room | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 steps | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 mean | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come in a quote | present · progressive | more people = people | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | mean | can | in Nigerian English | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in english=Attribute | |||||
| 3 | is in a quote | future | more people = people | back, soon property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | step out | present | someone | a room | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location room=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:020-is-there-one-proper-english.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/20-is-there-one-proper-english/17/