Idioms taken literally, sentence 14

"Let the cat out of the bag" means reveal a secret; the story about a cat swapped for a pig at a market has no clear proof.

Who acts: story · What happens: let out, mean, reveal, swap, have · To what, where: cat, secret, market, clear proof · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Idioms taken literally» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (story), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Let	punct
2	Let	let	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	10 means	csubj
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 cat	det
4	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Let	obj
5	out	out	ADV	_	2 Let	compound:prt
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 bag	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 bag	det
8	bag	bag	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Let	obl
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Let	punct
10	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	reveal	reveal	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 means	xcomp
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 secret	det
13	secret	secret	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 reveal	obj
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 story	punct
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 story	det
16	story	story	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 has	nsubj
17	about	about	ADP	_	19 cat	case
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 cat	det
19	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 story	nmod
20	swapped	swap	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	19 cat	acl
21	for	for	ADP	_	23 pig	case
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 pig	det
23	pig	pig	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 swapped	obl
24	at	at	ADP	_	26 market	case
25	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 market	det
26	market	market	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 swapped	obl
27	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 means	conj
28	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	30 proof	det
29	clear	clear	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 proof	amod
30	proof	proof	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 has	obj
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 means	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=assert

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	let out in a quote	infinitive		the cat		of the bag	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cat=Theme
2	mean	present					vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	reveal not said to happen	infinitive		a secret			vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent secret=Topic
4	swap	participle		a cat not said here	a market	for a pig	vn substitute-13.6.2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme for pig=Co-Theme
5	have	present	the story about a cat	no clear proof			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent proof=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:025-idioms-taken-literally.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/25-idioms-taken-literally/14/