Puns and jokes that need a pun, sentence 3

Puns hardly ever survive translation, because the two meanings live in one language's words; a translator has to invent a new pun instead.

Who acts: Puns, two meanings, translator, one language · What happens: survive, live, have, invent, word · To what, where: translation, words, new pun

This is a sentence of the lesson «Puns and jokes that need a pun» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Puns, two meanings, translator, one language), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Puns	pun	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 survive	nsubj
2	hardly	hardly	ADV	_	4 survive	advmod
3	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	4 survive	advmod
4	survive	survive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	translation	translation	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 survive	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 live	punct
7	because	because	SCONJ	_	11 live	mark
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 meanings	det
9	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 meanings	nummod
10	meanings	meaning	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 live	nsubj
11	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 survive	advcl
12	in	in	ADP	_	16 words	case
13	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	14 language	nummod
14	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 words	nmod:poss
15	's	's	PART	_	14 language	case
16	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 live	obl
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	20 has	punct
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 translator	det
19	translator	translator	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 has	nsubj
20	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 survive	parataxis
21	to	to	PART	_	22 invent	mark
22	invent	invent	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	20 has	xcomp
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 pun	det
24	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 pun	amod
25	pun	pun	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 invent	obj
26	instead	instead	ADV	_	22 invent	advmod
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 survive	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=assert

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	survive	present	Puns	translation		ever	hardly property	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme translation=Circumstance
2	live	present	the two meanings		one language's words			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in word=Location
3	have	present	a translator					tree rules
4	invent	to-infinitive	a translator not said here	a new pun			instead property	vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pun=Result
5	word		one language					nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:language:028-puns-and-jokes-that-need-a-pun.lesson:3.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/28-puns-and-jokes-that-need-a-pun/3/